Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Disorders of the Skeletal Muscle

Disorders of the Skeletal Muscle

The clinical conditions affecting the skeletal muscle tissue are broadly categorized as musculoskeletal and neuromuscular disorders.
Musculoskeletal disorders
Musculoskeletal disorders involve injuries and conditions affecting the skeletal muscles and associated connective tissues. These disorders can arise from acute biomechanical stresses or chronic overuse and can occur across different age groups. Common injuries include sprains, fractures, and muscular strains, often resulting from...

Somatic Spinal Reflexes

Somatic Spinal Reflexes

Somatic spinal reflexes are rapid, involuntary muscular responses to external stimuli that involve the somatic musculature and the spinal cord.
One of the most well-known somatic spinal reflexes is the stretch reflex, which is activated by the sudden stretching of a muscle. This reflex involves the activation of specialized sensory receptors called muscle spindles, which are located in the muscle tissue and detect changes in the length and speed of muscle contractions. When a muscle is suddenly...

Alterations in Muscle Tone ll

Alterations in Muscle Tone ll

Alterations in muscle tone are common manifestations of neurological disorders and reflect dysfunction within different nervous system regions. Spasticity, paratonia, and dystonia represent distinct forms of hypertonia, each with unique mechanisms, clinical features, and diagnostic importance.CharacteristicsSpasticity happens from upper motor neuron lesions and is characterized by velocity-dependent resistance to passive movement. Clinical features include:Exaggerated deep tendon reflexesClonus...

Disorders of the Autonomic Nervous System

Disorders of the Autonomic Nervous System

The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is an intricate network of nerves that controls functions such as the regulation of heart rate, digestion, and blood pressure regulation. When this system malfunctions, it can lead to various disorders that affect multiple bodily functions. One common feature of many autonomic disorders is the involvement of smooth blood vessels, which play a crucial role in regulating blood flow throughout the body.
Raynaud's disease, also known as Raynaud's phenomenon, is a...

Pleiotropy

Pleiotropy

Pleiotropy is the phenomenon in which a single gene impacts multiple, seemingly unrelated phenotypic traits. For example, defects in the SOX10 gene cause Waardenburg Syndrome Type 4, or WS4, which can cause defects in pigmentation, hearing impairments, and an absence of intestinal contractions necessary for elimination. This diversity of phenotypes results from the expression pattern of SOX10 in early embryonic and fetal development. SOX10 is found in neural crest cells that form melanocytes,...

Sex-linked Disorders

Sex-linked Disorders

Like autosomes, sex chromosomes contain a variety of genes necessary for normal body function. When a mutation in one of these genes results in biological deficits, the disorder is considered sex-linked.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Social exclusion as a determinant of excess mortality in people with schizophrenia-spectrum and bipolar disorders: retrospective cohort study in 0.5 million people.

Psychological medicine·2025

Same author

Meeting the challenges of rising premature mortality in people with severe mental illness.

Future healthcare journal·2023

Same author

Gastrointestinal symptoms and nutritional issues in patients with hypermobility disorders: assessment, diagnosis and management.

Frontline gastroenterology·2022

Same author

Understanding and managing psychological disorders in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a practical guide.

Frontline gastroenterology·2022

Same author

Premature mortality of people with severe mental illness: a renewed focus for a new era.

Irish journal of psychological medicine·2022

Same author

Management of functional gastrointestinal disorders.

Clinical medicine (London, England)·2021

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 27, 2026

In Vivo Modeling of the Morbid Human Genome using Danio rerio

In Vivo Modeling of the Morbid Human Genome using Danio rerio

Published on: August 24, 2013

Functional somatic syndromes.

British Journal of Hospital Medicine (London, England : 2005)

|November 16, 2011

Summary

Functional somatic syndromes are complex, hidden, and stigmatized medical conditions. Ongoing debates regarding their terminology and diagnostic criteria hinder research and clinical attention.

Area of Science:

Medical research
Psychosomatic medicine
Clinical diagnostics

Background:

Functional somatic syndromes (FSS) are frequently overlooked in clinical practice and research.
These conditions present complex, often hidden, and stigmatized symptoms.
Disagreements on FSS terminology and diagnostic criteria impede progress.

Discussion:

The complexity, hidden nature, and stigma associated with FSS contribute to their neglect.
Lack of standardized diagnostic criteria complicates research and clinical management.
Addressing these challenges is crucial for improving patient care and research focus.

Key Insights:

FSS are under-recognized due to their multifaceted and stigmatized presentation.
Inconsistent terminology and diagnostic criteria represent significant barriers.

More Related Videos

In Vitro Generation of Somite Derivatives from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

In Vitro Generation of Somite Derivatives from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Published on: April 25, 2019

Efficient Differentiation of Postganglionic Sympathetic Neurons using Human Pluripotent Stem Cells under Feeder-free and Chemically Defined Culture Conditions

Efficient Differentiation of Postganglionic Sympathetic Neurons using Human Pluripotent Stem Cells under Feeder-free and Chemically Defined Culture Conditions

Published on: May 24, 2020

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 27, 2026

In Vivo Modeling of the Morbid Human Genome using Danio rerio

In Vivo Modeling of the Morbid Human Genome using Danio rerio

Published on: August 24, 2013

In Vitro Generation of Somite Derivatives from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

In Vitro Generation of Somite Derivatives from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Published on: April 25, 2019

Efficient Differentiation of Postganglionic Sympathetic Neurons using Human Pluripotent Stem Cells under Feeder-free and Chemically Defined Culture Conditions

Efficient Differentiation of Postganglionic Sympathetic Neurons using Human Pluripotent Stem Cells under Feeder-free and Chemically Defined Culture Conditions

Published on: May 24, 2020

Increased attention is needed to advance understanding and treatment of FSS.

Outlook:

Future research should focus on standardizing diagnostic criteria for FSS.
Efforts to reduce stigma are essential for improving patient outcomes.
Enhanced clinical and research focus on FSS is warranted.