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Area of Science:

  • Plant Pathology
  • Entomology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Pythium spp. are significant plant pathogens causing damping-off diseases.
  • Fungus gnats (Bradysia impatiens) are common greenhouse pests that can potentially vector plant pathogens.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of fungus gnat larvae in transmitting Pythium spp. to geranium seedlings.
  • To determine how larval gut passage affects Pythium propagule viability and germination.

Main Methods:

  • Laboratory experiments using Bradysia impatiens larvae and Pythium aphanidermatum/P. ultimum strains.
  • Transmission assays on filter-paper and potting mix substrates.
  • Examination of Pythium oospore and hyphal swelling germination after larval gut passage.

Main Results:

  • Fungus gnat larvae transmitted Pythium spp., with transmission rates varying significantly based on the Pythium strain (oospores vs. hyphal swellings) and assay substrate.
  • Highest transmission (65%) occurred with P. aphanidermatum K-13 (abundant oospores) on filter paper; transmission was <6% in potting mix.
  • Larval gut passage significantly increased P. aphanidermatum oospore germination but decreased P. ultimum hyphal swelling germination.

Conclusions:

  • Fungus gnat larvae can act as vectors for Pythium spp., contributing to disease spread in controlled environments.
  • The efficiency of transmission and the effect of larval passage on propagule viability are dependent on the Pythium species/strain and environmental conditions.