[Diffuse pigmented villonodular synovitis in the shoulder joint and the biceps tendon: a case report]

Area of Science:

• Orthopedics
• Pathology
• Radiology

Background:

• Pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) is a rare, benign joint disease.
• It typically affects the knee and hand, presenting as nodular or diffuse forms.
• Shoulder involvement in PVNS is exceptionally uncommon.

Observation:

• Clinical and radiological signs of PVNS are often non-specific, mimicking other joint pathologies.
• Patients commonly report persistent, painful swelling.
• Magnetic resonance imaging reveals a soft tissue mass.

Findings:

• Histological examination shows pigment deposition and histiocytic infiltration in synovial villi.
• This case details a rare instance of diffuse PVNS in the shoulder joint and biceps tendon.
• The patient was a 23-year-old male.

Implications:

• Early and accurate diagnosis of PVNS, especially in rare locations, is crucial.
• Surgical synovectomy is the primary treatment, but recurrence rates are high.
• Further research into PVNS in unusual sites may improve diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.