Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Tagging and Fusion Proteins01:24

Tagging and Fusion Proteins

Proteins are involved in several cellular processes and biochemical reactions. Analyzing a specific protein of interest requires it to be isolated from the other proteins in the cell. This is achieved by overexpressing the specific gene in a suitable host to produce large quantities of the target protein. A tag or label is recombined with the gene to produce a fusion protein containing the target protein and the tag. The tags on these fusion proteins can then be used for easy detection and...
Conjugated Proteins02:50

Conjugated Proteins

Simple proteins and protein complexes contain only amino acids. In contrast, many other proteins, called conjugated proteins, covalently bond with non-protein moieties.
Nucleoproteins are protein complexes that contain nucleic acids, categorized as deoxyribonucleoproteins (DNPs) or ribonucleoproteins (RNPs) respectively. The nucleosome is a typical example of a DNP where nuclear DNA is associated with histone proteins. The major antigen for the Covid-19 virus SARS-CoV is an RNP that is critical...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Viral capsid delivery of cGAMP enhances STING-dependent antitumor immune response.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Nonionic peptide amphiphiles and their supramolecular co-assemblies tune charge density and bioactivity.

Journal of materials chemistry. B·2026
Same author

Biosynthesis of Minimal C-Phycocyanin Chromophore Assemblies in <i>E. coli</i> Provides a Platform to Dissect Protein-Mediated Tuning of Exciton Transfer.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026
Same author

Engineered MS2 Virus Capsids for Cellular Display of Peptide Antigens.

ACS chemical biology·2025
Same author

Site-selective protein editing by backbone extension acyl rearrangements.

Nature chemical biology·2025
Same author

Cytosolic Delivery of Anionic Cyclic Dinucleotide STING Agonists with Locally Supercharged Viral Capsids.

ACS chemical biology·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 27, 2026

Synthesis of Protein Bioconjugates via Cysteine-maleimide Chemistry
09:14

Synthesis of Protein Bioconjugates via Cysteine-maleimide Chemistry

Published on: July 20, 2016

Choosing an effective protein bioconjugation strategy.

Nicholas Stephanopoulos1, Matthew B Francis

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA.

Nature Chemical Biology
|November 17, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Recent advances in chemical techniques enable new protein modifications for drug development and biological studies. This review guides selecting the best protein modification strategy based on experimental needs and provides a decision tree.

More Related Videos

Synthesis and Bioconjugation of Thiol-Reactive Reagents for the Creation of Site-Selectively Modified Immunoconjugates
08:47

Synthesis and Bioconjugation of Thiol-Reactive Reagents for the Creation of Site-Selectively Modified Immunoconjugates

Published on: March 6, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 27, 2026

Synthesis of Protein Bioconjugates via Cysteine-maleimide Chemistry
09:14

Synthesis of Protein Bioconjugates via Cysteine-maleimide Chemistry

Published on: July 20, 2016

Synthesis and Bioconjugation of Thiol-Reactive Reagents for the Creation of Site-Selectively Modified Immunoconjugates
08:47

Synthesis and Bioconjugation of Thiol-Reactive Reagents for the Creation of Site-Selectively Modified Immunoconjugates

Published on: March 6, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Chemical Biology
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • The repertoire of chemical methods for protein modification has grown significantly.
  • These techniques are crucial for advancing biological understanding and developing novel applications like protein-drug conjugates and imaging agents.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review protein modification strategies and their suitability for various experimental contexts.
  • To provide a decision-making framework to aid researchers in selecting appropriate protein modification techniques.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current protein modification techniques.
  • Analysis of factors influencing technique selection, including site selectivity, yield, and compatibility.
  • Development of a decision tree to guide strategy selection.

Main Results:

  • Protein modification reactions differ in selectivity, yield, and functional group tolerance.
  • Some methods are better suited for large-scale production or labeling within complex biological mixtures.
  • The choice of method is highly dependent on specific experimental requirements.

Conclusions:

  • Selecting the optimal protein modification strategy requires careful consideration of experimental circumstances.
  • The provided decision tree can simplify the selection process for many research scenarios.
  • Case studies illustrate the practical application of this decision-making approach in diverse research areas.