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The Spinal Cord

The Spinal Cord

The spinal cord is the body’s major nerve tract of the central nervous system, communicating afferent sensory information from the periphery to the brain and efferent motor information from the brain to the body. The human spinal cord extends from the hole at the base of the skull, or foramen magnum, to the level of the first or second lumbar vertebra.

Spinal Cord Injury ll: Pathophysiology

Spinal Cord Injury ll: Pathophysiology

Spinal cord injury progresses through two interconnected phases: primary injury and secondary injury.Primary InjuryPrimary injury happens at the moment of trauma and involves immediate mechanical damage to the spinal cord.Compression happens when broken vertebrae, herniated discs, or accumulating blood (such as a hematoma) press directly against the spinal cord, distorting its normal shape and function. In cases of contusion, the cord is bruised by a blunt force (like penetrating injuries or...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 27, 2026

Treating Low Back Pain in Failed Back Surgery Patients with Multicolumn-lead Spinal Cord Stimulation

Treating Low Back Pain in Failed Back Surgery Patients with Multicolumn-lead Spinal Cord Stimulation

Published on: June 26, 2018

Spinal cord stimulation: a review.

Aaron K Compton¹, Binit Shah, Salim M Hayek

¹SMC Pain Center, Schneck Medical Center, 411 West Tipton Street, Seymour, IN 47274, USA.

Current Pain and Headache Reports

|November 17, 2011

Summary

Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) offers a safe and effective method for managing chronic pain. Ongoing research explores its mechanisms, benefits, and emerging applications for pain relief.

Area of Science:

Neurology
Pain Management
Biomedical Engineering

Background:

Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is an established therapy for chronic pain.
Evolving understanding of SCS mechanisms drives innovation.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the mechanisms of action for SCS.
To summarize evidence on SCS effectiveness.
To discuss complications and future directions in SCS.

Main Methods:

Literature review of SCS mechanisms.
Synthesis of clinical trial data on SCS efficacy.
Analysis of safety profiles and emerging technologies.

Main Results:

SCS demonstrates efficacy across various chronic pain conditions.

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The Ex vivo Preparation of Spinal Cord Slice for the Whole-Cell Patch-Clamp Recording in Motor Neurons During Spinal Cord Stimulation

The Ex vivo Preparation of Spinal Cord Slice for the Whole-Cell Patch-Clamp Recording in Motor Neurons During Spinal Cord Stimulation

Published on: September 8, 2023

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Last Updated: May 27, 2026

Treating Low Back Pain in Failed Back Surgery Patients with Multicolumn-lead Spinal Cord Stimulation

Treating Low Back Pain in Failed Back Surgery Patients with Multicolumn-lead Spinal Cord Stimulation

Published on: June 26, 2018

The Ex vivo Preparation of Spinal Cord Slice for the Whole-Cell Patch-Clamp Recording in Motor Neurons During Spinal Cord Stimulation

The Ex vivo Preparation of Spinal Cord Slice for the Whole-Cell Patch-Clamp Recording in Motor Neurons During Spinal Cord Stimulation

Published on: September 8, 2023

Understanding of neuromodulation mechanisms is advancing.

Technological developments enhance SCS capabilities.

Conclusions:

SCS remains a valuable tool for chronic pain management.
Further research into mechanisms and applications is warranted.
Technological progress promises improved SCS therapies.