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Updated: May 27, 2026

Assembly and Characterization of an External Driver for the Generation of Sub-Kilohertz Oscillatory Flow in Microchannels

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Published on: January 28, 2022

Horns as particle velocity amplifiers.

Dimitri M Donskoy¹, Benjamin A Cray

¹Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey 07030, USA. ddonskoy@stevens.edu

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

|November 18, 2011

Summary

Simple acoustic horns, even small ones, significantly amplify particle velocity. A 2.5 cm conical horn below 2 kHz provides a 9.5 dB amplification, influenced by its mouth-to-throat ratio.

Area of Science:

Acoustics
Fluid Dynamics
Mechanical Engineering

Background:

Acoustic particle velocity amplification is crucial for various sound technologies.
Understanding horn acoustics is key to designing efficient sound systems.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the acoustic particle velocity amplification capabilities of simple horns.
To determine the factors influencing this amplification.

Main Methods:

Preliminary experimental measurements.
Numerical predictions and simulations.

Main Results:

Simple, small horns generate significant acoustic particle velocity amplification.
A 2.5 cm conical horn below 2 kHz shows a velocity amplification ratio of approximately 3 (9.5 dB).

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Amplification is primarily dependent on the mouth-to-throat ratio and secondarily on the flare rate.

Conclusions:

Conical horns offer substantial acoustic particle velocity amplification.
Design parameters like mouth-to-throat ratio are critical for maximizing amplification.
Double horn configurations offer marginal additional gain.