Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology01:29

Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology

Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes are categorized into three primary categories based on the location of the injury: prerenal, intrarenal (or intrinsic), and postrenal causes. This classification guides clinical management and illustrates how different pathways can impair kidney function.Etiology and Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney Injury1. Prerenal causesEtiology: Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury, the most common type, occurs when reduced blood flow to the kidneys decreases filtration capacity...
Diabetic Nephropathy01:28

Diabetic Nephropathy

Definition Diabetic nephropathy is a chronic kidney complication that results from prolonged hyperglycemia.Prevalence It is the most common cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) worldwide, affecting up to half of individuals with diabetes.Pathophysiology • Sustained hyperglycemia triggers multiple hemodynamic and metabolic changes in the kidney. • Early in the disease, increased renal blood flow and glomerular hyperfiltration occur due to afferent arteriolar...
Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention01:30

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention

Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction01:22

Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction

Introduction:Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) describes a swift decrease in kidney function occurring over hours to days, characterized by the kidneys' failure to remove waste products from the bloodstream. This leads to dangerous complications like metabolic acidosis, fluid overload, and electrolyte imbalances, such as hyperkalemia, which can cause life-threatening arrhythmias. AKI is common in both hospital and outpatient settings, often triggered by dehydration, sepsis, or exposure to nephrotoxic...
Renal Failure: Dose Adjustments01:11

Renal Failure: Dose Adjustments

In patients with renal impairment, drugs undergo significant changes in their pharmacokinetics, which require dosage adjustments to ensure safe and effective therapy.
Reduced renal clearance and elimination rate are common outcomes of renal impairment. These alterations lead to a prolonged elimination half-life and an altered apparent volume of distribution for drugs. As a result, dosage adjustments are typically necessary to maintain optimal drug levels in the body.
However, dosage adjustments...
Biological Effects of Radiation02:59

Biological Effects of Radiation

All radioactive nuclides emit high-energy particles or electromagnetic waves. When this radiation encounters living cells, it can cause heating, break chemical bonds, or ionize molecules. The most serious biological damage results when these radioactive emissions fragment or ionize molecules. For example, α and β particles emitted from nuclear decay reactions possess much higher energies than ordinary chemical bond energies. When these particles strike and penetrate matter, they produce ions...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

[Reirradiation: A new therapeutic paradigm in oncology].

Bulletin du cancer·2026
Same author

Defining physician acceptance of radiosensitivity testing for guiding therapeutic interventions in head and neck cancer: A Delphi consensus study.

Clinical and translational radiation oncology·2026
Same author

Postoperative radiotherapy delineation after mandibular bone flap reconstruction in oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancers.

Oral oncology·2026
Same author

Don't Cut It Fine, Irradiate Lightly-Overcoming Multidisciplinary Dilemmas in Esthesioneuroblastoma Management.

International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics·2026
Same author

Modeling variable interactions using Bayesian networks to identify direct predictors of radiation-induced optic neuropathy after proton therapy: implications for personalized toxicity risk stratification.

Physics in medicine and biology·2026
Same author

Artificial intelligence-based analysis of visual electrophysiological signals for clinical interpretation support.

Frontiers in neuroscience·2026

Related Experiment Videos

[Radiation-induced nephropathy].

Thierry Bouillet1, Ali Mohammed Ali, Juliette Thariat

  • 1Hôpital Avicenne, département de radiothérapie, Bobigny, France.

Bulletin Du Cancer
|November 18, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Kidneys are critical organs in radiation therapy. Understanding radiation-induced renal toxicity, considering factors like patient age and chemotherapy, is crucial for optimizing treatment plans and minimizing long-term side effects.

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

  • Radiation oncology
  • Nephrology
  • Medical physics

Context:

  • Kidneys are identified as dose-limiting organs in radiation therapy, particularly for total body or digestive tract irradiation.
  • Radiation-induced renal toxicity is often underestimated due to delayed onset and confounding factors such as chemotherapy.
  • Renal mobility presents significant dosimetric challenges, especially in pediatric patients.

Purpose:

  • To review and synthesize current knowledge on radiation-induced renal toxicity.
  • To establish tolerance doses and volume constraints for renal irradiation.
  • To inform radiation oncology treatment planning to protect kidney function.

Summary:

  • Radiation-induced renal toxicity typically manifests around 18 months post-treatment.
  • For total body irradiation, a 5% risk of toxicity corresponds to approximately 16 Gy in 2 Gy fractions over 2 weeks.
  • For partial renal irradiation, limiting the volume receiving 20 Gy to below 32% of total renal volume is recommended, with compensatory mechanisms possible below 12 Gy.

Impact:

  • Accurate dose-volume assessments and consideration of renal mobility in treatment planning are essential for improving kidney-sparing radiation techniques.
  • Concomitant nephrotoxic chemotherapy necessitates lower tolerance doses.
  • Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors may be considered for managing radiation-induced nephropathy.