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Attenuation of hypertension-mediated glomerulosclerosis in conjunction with increased angiotensin (1-7)

Michiya Igase1, Hiroshi Yokoyama, Carlos M Ferrario

  • 1Department of Geriatric Medicine, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon City, Ehime 791-0295, Japan.

Therapeutic Advances in Cardiovascular Disease
|November 18, 2011
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Angiotensin (1-7) may protect against kidney damage in hypertension. This study found higher levels of this hormone in rats treated with olmesartan, correlating with reduced kidney injury markers.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • The role of angiotensin (1-7) (Ang (1-7)) in protecting against renal injury is debated.
  • Hypertensive nephropathy is a significant clinical concern.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the protective effects of Ang (1-7) in hypertensive nephropathy.
  • To compare the efficacy of olmesartan medoxomil versus atenolol in managing hypertensive kidney disease.

Main Methods:

  • Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) received 8 weeks of treatment with olmesartan or atenolol.
  • Evaluated blood pressure, heart rate, heart weight, plasma Ang II, and plasma Ang (1-7) levels.
  • Assessed renal injury using glomerular sclerosis (GS) and perivascular collagen deposition (PVCD) indices.

Main Results:

  • Both olmesartan and atenolol reduced blood pressure similarly; atenolol caused bradycardia.
  • Olmesartan led to a greater reduction in heart weight:body weight ratio and increased plasma Ang II.
  • Plasma Ang (1-7) levels were highest in the olmesartan group, correlating negatively with reduced GS and PVCD.
  • Both drugs attenuated renal injury, with olmesartan showing a more pronounced effect.

Conclusions:

  • Blood pressure control is crucial for preventing hypertensive nephropathy.
  • Angiotensin (1-7) appears to play a significant role in preventing structural kidney damage.
  • Ang (1-7) may exert protective effects through regulation of blood pressure and renal function.

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