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Recording Gamma Band Oscillations in Pedunculopontine Nucleus Neurons
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Published on: September 14, 2016

Gamma band activity in the developing parafascicular nucleus.

Nebojsa Kezunovic1, James Hyde, Christen Simon

  • 1Center for Translational Neuroscience, Dept. of Neurobiology and Developmental Sciences, Univ. of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA.

Journal of Neurophysiology
|November 18, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Parafascicular nucleus (Pf) neurons fire at gamma frequencies, involving P/Q- and N-type calcium channels. Cholinergic input enhances this gamma rhythm during development, potentially influencing thalamocortical processing.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cellular Electrophysiology

Background:

  • The parafascicular nucleus (Pf) receives cholinergic input from the pedunculopontine nucleus, a key component of the reticular activating system involved in arousal and sleep states.
  • Pf neurons project to the cortex, suggesting a role in modulating cortical activity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if Pf neurons exhibit maximal firing at gamma band frequencies (30-90 Hz).
  • To determine the involvement of high-threshold voltage-dependent P/Q- and N-type calcium channels in Pf gamma oscillations.
  • To assess the effect of the cholinergic agonist carbachol (CAR) on Pf neuronal activity.

Main Methods:

  • Patch-clamp electrophysiology was used on rat Pf neurons (9-25 days old).
  • Neuronal firing frequency and oscillations were measured under maximal activation and voltage-clamp conditions.
  • Pharmacological agents, including calcium channel blockers (ω-agatoxin-IVA and ω-conotoxin-GVIA) and carbachol, were applied.

Main Results:

  • Pf neurons showed a firing frequency plateau at gamma band (31.5 ± 1.5 Hz) and gamma oscillations (> -20 mV).
  • Oscillation frequency increased with age but plateaued within the gamma range.
  • Carbachol significantly increased early developmental gamma frequencies, while P/Q-type channel blockade abolished oscillations, and N-type blockade partially reduced their amplitude.

Conclusions:

  • P/Q- and N-type calcium channels mediate Pf gamma oscillations during development.
  • Cholinergic input to the Pf may activate these neurons to oscillate at gamma frequencies.
  • These gamma rhythms could be relayed to cortical areas, supporting nonspecific thalamocortical processing.