Juvenile xanthogranuloma-diagnostic challenge on fine-needle aspiration cytology

Juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG) is a rare cutaneous lesion with paucity of literature on its cytological features. We report one such case which on fine-needle aspiration cytology yielded a mixed population of foamy histiocytes, multinucleated giant cells and variable admixture of lymphocytes and eosinophils causing diagnostic dilemma with other differentials, especially Langerhans cell histiocytosis. However, clinical correlation followed by histopathology confirmed the diagnosis. Hence, JXG has characteristic and diagnostic cytologic features.