Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 27, 2026
11:01
Preparation and In Vivo Use of an Activity-based Probe for N-acylethanolamine Acid Amidase
Published on: November 23, 2016
(E)-Methyl N'-(2,4,5-trimeth-oxy-benzyl-idene)hydrazinecarboxyl-ate.
Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online
|November 18, 2011
Summary
This study details the crystal structure of a C(12)H(16)N(2)O(5) molecule. It reveals intermolecular hydrogen bonds forming chains and layers in the crystal lattice.
Area of Science:
- Crystallography
- Molecular structure determination
- Supramolecular chemistry
Background:
- Understanding molecular arrangement is crucial for predicting material properties.
- Intermolecular forces dictate crystal packing and macroscopic behavior.
Purpose of the Study:
- To elucidate the crystal structure of the title molecule, C(12)H(16)N(2)O(5).
- To characterize the intermolecular interactions governing crystal assembly.
Main Methods:
- Single-crystal X-ray diffraction was employed to determine the molecular and crystal structure.
- Analysis of hydrogen bonding and van der Waals interactions was performed.
Main Results:
- The molecule adopts a trans configuration around the C=N bond.
- Intermolecular N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds form chains along the [001] direction.
- Weak C-H⋯O interactions further assemble these chains into corrugated layers parallel to the bc plane.
Conclusions:
- The crystal structure is stabilized by a combination of hydrogen bonding and weaker interactions.
- The observed packing arrangement provides insights into the solid-state behavior of this compound.
Related Concept Videos
01:33Carboxylic Acids to Methylesters: Alkylation using Diazomethane
Carboxylic acids react with diazomethane in an ether solvent via alkylation at the carboxylate oxygen atom to give methyl esters of the corresponding acid with excellent yields.
01:11Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution: Elimination–Addition
Simple aryl halides do not react with nucleophiles. However, nucleophilic aromatic substitutions can be forced under certain conditions, such as high temperatures or strong bases. The mechanism of substitution under such conditions involves the highly unstable and reactive benzyne intermediate. Benzyne contains equivalent carbon centers at both ends of the triple bond, each of which is equally susceptible to nucleophilic attack. This 50–50 distribution of products is confirmed through isotopic...
01:28Structures of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives
Structure of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives
Carboxylic acid derivatives contain an acyl group attached to a heteroatom such as chlorine, oxygen, or nitrogen. The carbonyl carbon and oxygen are both sp2-hybridized with an unhybridized p orbital.
The three sp2 orbitals of the carbonyl carbon form three σ bonds, one each with the carbonyl oxygen, the α carbon, and the heteroatom, whereas the other two sp2 orbitals of the carbonyl oxygen are occupied by the lone pairs. Further, the unhybridized p...
Carboxylic acid derivatives contain an acyl group attached to a heteroatom such as chlorine, oxygen, or nitrogen. The carbonyl carbon and oxygen are both sp2-hybridized with an unhybridized p orbital.
The three sp2 orbitals of the carbonyl carbon form three σ bonds, one each with the carbonyl oxygen, the α carbon, and the heteroatom, whereas the other two sp2 orbitals of the carbonyl oxygen are occupied by the lone pairs. Further, the unhybridized p...
01:19Diazonium Group Substitution: –OH and –H
Nitrous acid, a weak acid, is prepared in situ via the reaction of sodium nitrite with a strong acid under cold conditions. This nitrous acid prepared in situ reacts with primary arylamines to form arenediazonium salts. Such reactions are known as diazotization reactions. As shown in Figure 1, the formation of arenediazonium salts begins with the decomposition of nitrous acid in an acidic solution to give nitrosonium ions.
01:20Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Nitration of Benzene
The nitration of benzene is an example of an electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction. It involves the formation of a very powerful electrophile, the nitronium ion, which is linear in shape. The reaction occurs through the interaction of two strong acids, sulfuric and nitric acid.
01:14Aldehydes and Ketones with Amines: Enamine Formation Mechanism
Enamine formation involves the addition of carbonyl compounds to a secondary amine through a series of reactions. The mechanism begins with the generation of carbinolamine, a nucleophilic attack followed by several proton transfer reactions. The hydroxyl group of the carbinolamine is converted into water to make a better leaving group that can push the reaction forward by eliminating a water molecule. In enamine formation, the last step involves the abstraction of a proton from the α carbon to...