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Molecular diagnostics in periprosthetic joint infection

Javad Parvizi1, Lesley Walinchus, Bahar Adeli

  • 1The Rothman Institute of Orthopaedics, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA. research@rothmaninstitute.com

The International Journal of Artificial Organs
|November 19, 2011
PubMed

Insights

Diagnosing periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is challenging due to the lack of a gold standard. This review examines molecular markers like C-reactive protein to improve PJI detection accuracy.

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Biomarkers

Background:

  • Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) presents a significant clinical and economic burden.
  • Current diagnostic methods for PJI lack a definitive gold standard, hindering effective treatment.
  • Molecular markers in biological fluids offer potential for improved PJI diagnosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current research on molecular markers for diagnosing PJI.
  • To evaluate the sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values of key markers.
  • To identify a potential single marker with high diagnostic accuracy for PJI.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating molecular markers for PJI.
  • Analysis of diagnostic performance metrics including sensitivity and specificity.
  • Evaluation of C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, white blood cells, and leukocyte esterase.

Main Results:

  • Several molecular markers show promise in aiding PJI diagnosis.
  • Each marker possesses varying degrees of sensitivity and specificity.
  • No single marker currently meets the criteria for a definitive gold standard.

Conclusions:

  • Molecular markers are valuable adjuncts in diagnosing PJI.
  • Further research is needed to establish a reliable diagnostic criterion.
  • The development of a highly sensitive and specific marker is crucial for PJI management.

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