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lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

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Non-coding RNAs in human disease.

Manel Esteller1

  • 1Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. mesteller@idibell.cat

Nature Reviews. Genetics
|November 19, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), beyond microRNAs (miRNAs), are increasingly linked to various diseases. Understanding and targeting these ncRNAs offers new therapeutic potential for conditions like cancer and neurological disorders.

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Disease Mechanisms

Background:

  • The role of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in human disease is primarily understood through microRNAs (miRNAs) in cancer.
  • Emerging evidence highlights other ncRNAs, including PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs), transcribed ultraconserved regions (T-UCRs), and large intergenic non-coding RNAs (lincRNAs), in cellular homeostasis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the broader involvement of diverse ncRNAs in human diseases beyond cancer.
  • To underscore the significance of ncRNA dysregulation in various pathologies.
  • To highlight the therapeutic interest in addressing ncRNA perturbations.

Main Methods:

  • Review and synthesis of current research on ncRNA function and disease association.
  • Identification of key ncRNA classes and their roles in cellular processes.
  • Analysis of ncRNA dysregulation in tumorigenesis and other diseases.

Main Results:

  • Dysregulation of various ncRNAs (piRNAs, snoRNAs, T-UCRs, lincRNAs), in addition to miRNAs, is implicated in human diseases.
  • These ncRNAs are crucial for maintaining cellular homeostasis.
  • Their aberrant expression is linked to cancer, neurological, cardiovascular, and developmental disorders.

Conclusions:

  • The non-coding genome, through a variety of ncRNAs, plays a significant role in human health and disease.
  • Targeting ncRNA perturbations presents a promising avenue for novel therapeutic strategies across multiple disease types.