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Sleep-disordered breathing is a risk factor for community-acquired alveolar pneumonia in early childhood

Aviv D Goldbart1, Asher Tal1, Noga Givon-Lavi2

  • 1Sleep-Wake Disorders Unit, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Jerusalem, Israel; Department of Pediatrics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Jerusalem, Israel.

Chest
|November 19, 2011
PubMed

Insights

Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is a significant risk factor for community-acquired alveolar pneumonia (CAAP) in young children. Early identification and management of SDB can help prevent CAAP in this vulnerable population.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Limited data exists on risk factors for childhood community-acquired alveolar pneumonia (CAAP).
  • Children with sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) are known to have increased respiratory infections.
  • The study investigated SDB as a potential risk factor for CAAP in early childhood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess if sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is a risk factor for community-acquired alveolar pneumonia (CAAP) in children under 5 years old.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective, nested case-control study was conducted.
  • Children under 5 with radiographically confirmed CAAP were compared to controls.
  • SDB symptoms were assessed via questionnaire and polysomnography (PSG).

Main Results:

  • Children with CAAP reported significantly more SDB symptoms like snoring and restless sleep compared to controls.
  • Adenoidectomy rates were higher in the CAAP group.
  • Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) was diagnosed in 5% of CAAP patients versus 1.3% of controls (OR, 3.7).

Conclusions:

  • Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is prevalent in children with CAAP.
  • SDB may be a predisposing risk factor for CAAP in young children.
  • Consideration of SDB is recommended for young children diagnosed with CAAP.
Abstract

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