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Sedatives and Hypnotics: Overview

Sedatives are drugs that alleviate anxiety, while hypnotics induce sleep. Both classes of medication suppress neuronal activity, leading to a calming effect for sedatives and facilitating sleep for hypnotics.
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In general, the term ‘aromatic’ indicates a pleasant smell or fragrance from fresh flowers, freshly prepared coffee, etc. In the early history of organic chemistry, many benzene derivatives were isolated from the pleasant odor oils of the plants. For example, vanillin was isolated from the oil of vanilla, methyl salicylate from the oil of wintergreen, and cinnamaldehyde from the oil of cinnamon. They all had a pleasant odor; hence the name aromatic was given.
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Field Identification of Matricaria chamomilla using a Portable qPCR System
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Published on: October 10, 2020

Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.): An overview.

Ompal Singh1, Zakia Khanam, Neelam Misra

  • 1Department of Biochemistry, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi- 284 128, India.

Pharmacognosy Reviews
|November 19, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.) is a valuable medicinal plant with diverse therapeutic uses. This review covers its botany, cultivation, chemical constituents, pharmacological properties, and market demand, highlighting the need for further research and development.

Keywords:
Amino acidcadmiumco-cultivationcoppercultivationmedicinal plantsalicylic acidsecondary metabolitestissue culture

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Area of Science:

  • Phytochemistry
  • Ethnobotany
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.) is a widely recognized medicinal plant from the Asteraceae family.
  • It holds significant value in traditional and folk medicine for its multitherapeutic properties.
  • The plant possesses established cosmetic and nutritional benefits, supported by extensive research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of chamomile's medicinal uses, botany, and cultivation.
  • To detail the chemical constituents and pharmacological properties of chamomile.
  • To emphasize the importance of chamomile in biochemistry, biotechnology, market demand, and trade.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of scientific studies and traditional uses.
  • Analysis of chemical constituents in essential oil and plant parts.
  • Examination of market data and trade information.

Main Results:

  • Chamomile exhibits diverse pharmacological activities due to its rich natural product profile.
  • Established cultivation techniques and market demand exist, but adulteration is a concern.
  • Significant biochemical and biotechnological potential is noted.

Conclusions:

  • Chamomile is a valuable medicinal species with broad applications and market potential.
  • Addressing adulteration and further research are crucial for its sustainable development.
  • Continued R&D will enhance the understanding and utilization of chamomile's benefits.