Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 27, 2026

Manufacturing Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T Cells for Adoptive Immunotherapy
Published on: December 17, 2019
Effect of once-daily FDC treatment era on initiation of cART
David M Mosen1, Michael Horberg, Douglas Roblin
1Center for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Portland, OR, USA.
Objectives:
Combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) is associated with increased survival among HIV-infected persons. Yet, no research to date has examined whether introduction of once-daily fixed-dosed combinations (FDC) affects the likelihood of cART initiation. We aimed to determine whether implementation of once-daily FDC regimens was associated with changes to cART initiation. We also identified clinical, treatment regimen, and provider characteristics possibly associated with cART initiation.
Study Design:
Retrospective observational analysis.
Methods:
We queried electronic medical records between July 1999-June 2006 to identify incident cases of detectable HIV infection in antiretroviral-naïve adults. Cox regression with time-dependent covariates was used to examine the effects of once-daily FDC era, clinical, provider, and treatment regimen characteristics on cART initiation.
Results:
Once-daily FDC availability did not change the likelihood of cART initiation, but other characteristics were associated with an increased likelihood: AIDS diagnosis, above-median daily pill consumption, and 16+ yrs of physician HIV experience. Decreased likelihood of cART initiation was associated with CD4 201-350 cells/μL, HIV RNA < 100,000 copies/mL, and with CD4 > 350 cells/μL (any HIV RNA level), compared to CD4 ≤ 200 cells/μL.
Conclusion:
Availability of once-daily FDC-based regimens did not affect likelihood of cART initiation. Patient clinical characteristics appear to be more important predictors of cART initiation.
Related Concept Videos
Dosage Regimen: Fixed Dose
Fixed-dose regimens can be used for various routes of administration, including intravenous (IV) injections and oral medications. For IV administration, a predetermined amount of the drug is...
Drug Administration and Therapy Phases: Overview
The pharmaceutical phase focuses on leveraging the physicochemical properties of the drug to design and manufacture an effective product. Variants include orally administered tablets or capsules, topical creams or ointments, and parenteral-delivery solutions or emulsions.
The pharmacokinetic phase...
Oral Drug Delivery Systems: Continuous-Release Systems
Drug Accumulation During Multiple Dosing: Intermittent IV Infusions
Drug Dosage Regimen: Overview
Typically, the starting dose and dosing interval are guided by the manufacturer's recommendations based on clinical trials conducted during and after drug...
Clinical Trials: Overview

