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Prehypertension in Jamaica: a review of data from recent studies

T S Ferguson1, M K Tulloch-Reid, N O Younger

  • 1Tropical Medicine Research Institute (Epidemiology Research Unit), The University of the West Indies, Kingston 7, Jamaica. trevor.ferguson02@uwimona.edu.jm

The West Indian Medical Journal
|November 22, 2011
PubMed

Insights

Prehypertension affects 35% of Jamaicans, particularly men, increasing cardiovascular disease risk. Early detection and prevention are crucial, especially in youth and those with low birth weight.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Prehypertension, defined as systolic blood pressure 120-139 mmHg or diastolic 80-89 mmHg, is prevalent globally.
  • It is linked to increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, incidence, and mortality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To update the prevalence and identify predictors of prehypertension in Jamaica.
  • To assess CVD risk associated with prehypertension in the Jamaican population.

Main Methods:

  • Review of data from multiple Jamaican epidemiological studies, including national surveys and cohort studies.
  • Analysis of prevalence, demographic differences, associated risk factors, and longitudinal predictors.

Main Results:

  • The most recent national survey showed a 35% prevalence of prehypertension in Jamaica.
  • Prevalence was higher in men (42%) than women (29%) and notably high among youth.
  • Prehypertension was associated with other CVD risk factors and a threefold increased risk of developing hypertension.
  • Low birth weight/length may predict prehypertension in longitudinal analysis.

Conclusions:

  • Prehypertension is a significant public health concern in Jamaica with a high prevalence, particularly in men and youth.
  • Individuals with prehypertension face elevated CVD risks and require early preventive interventions.
  • Further research is needed on sex differences and the early onset of prehypertension.

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