The socio-economic determinants of obesity in adults in the Bahamas

To determine the socio-economic determinants of obesity in adults in The Bahamas.

A subpopulation of adults 21 to 60 years was analysed for socio-economic differences in obesity levels. Data from the 2001 Bahamas Living Conditions Survey, a nationwide comprehensive household survey which included anthropometric measurements, were used. Bivariate and binary logistic regression methods for complex samples were employed.

Overall obesity prevalence was 32% (38% female, 25% male, p = < 0.0001). An inverse relationship by education appeared to be the strongest predictor for all persons (OR = 0.78, CI 0.67, 0.90; p < 0.0001). This relationship was also evident for females (OR = 0.71, CI 0.59, 0.85; p < 0.0001) while a positive relationship existed by economic level for males (OR = 1.23, CI 1.07, 1.41; p = 0.005). There was a difference in food group expenditure for starchy vegetables only (p = 0.049). Other food group household expenditure, urban residence and female headed households showed no significant differences by obesity.

In line with international trends, obesity rates are high in The Bahamas, and especially affect females of lower socio-economic status. Public policy that targets this group is necessary to address this health concern.