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Related Concept Videos

Magnetic Resonance Imaging01:24

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique based on a phenomenon of nuclear physics discovered in the 1930s, in which matter exposed to magnetic fields and radio waves was found to emit radio signals. In 1970, a physician and researcher named Raymond Damadian noticed that malignant (cancerous) tissue gave off different signals than normal body tissue. He applied for a patent for the first MRI scanning device in clinical use by the early 1980s. The early MRI...

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Training Dogs for Awake, Unrestrained Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Published on: October 13, 2019

Functional magnetic resonance imaging in awake animals.

Craig F Ferris1, Brain Smerkers, Praveen Kulkarni

  • 1Center for Translational NeuroImaging, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115-5000, USA. c.ferris@neu.edu

Reviews in the Neurosciences
|November 22, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Awake animal imaging using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) offers a powerful, non-invasive method to study brain activity and neurobiology over time. This technique is valuable for preclinical drug discovery and understanding neurological and psychiatric disorders.

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Last Updated: May 27, 2026

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Awake animal imaging is crucial for behavioral neuroscience and preclinical drug discovery.
  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) provides non-invasive, high-resolution insights into brain activity.
  • The ability to track longitudinal changes in brain neurobiology is a key advantage for studying disease and environmental impacts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review methods and recent advances in awake animal imaging.
  • To highlight the application of awake animal imaging in characterizing neural circuits and therapeutic effects.
  • To showcase the potential for studying cognition and emotion in preclinical models.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing ultra-high-field, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).
  • Employing advanced radiofrequency electronics and pulse sequences.
  • Integrating 3D segmented brain atlases and computational analysis for reconstructing neural circuits.

Main Results:

  • Awake animal imaging enables rapid, whole-brain signal recording with high temporal and spatial resolution.
  • Reconstructed neural circuit 'fingerprints' can characterize drug effects and neural control of behavior.
  • Pharmacological and provocation paradigm studies demonstrate diverse applications.

Conclusions:

  • Awake animal imaging is a versatile tool for advancing neuroscience research and drug development.
  • This technique facilitates the study of complex neural circuits involved in cognition and emotion.
  • Continued advancements in imaging technology and analysis software enhance its utility.