You might also read
Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.
Updated: May 27, 2026

U-Shaped Horizontal Swimming Technique for Preparing High-Quality Sperm with Low DNA Fragmentation Index
Published on: March 28, 2025
Sandro C Esteves1, Ricardo Miyaoka, Ashok Agarwal
1ANDROFERT, Andrology and Human Reproduction Clinic, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil. s.esteves@androfert.com.br
Surgical sperm retrieval methods like PESA, TESA, and micro-TESE offer options for azoospermic men. These techniques, combined with lab processing, enable successful sperm retrieval for ICSI and cryopreservation.
Area of Science:
Background:
Purpose of the Study:
Main Methods:
Main Results:
Conclusions: