DNA-functionalized biosensor for riboflavin based electrochemical interaction on pretreated pencil graphite electrode

Area of Science:

• Electrochemistry
• Analytical Chemistry
• Biochemistry

Background:

• Riboflavin (Vitamin B2) plays a crucial role in biological systems.
• Accurate quantification of riboflavin is essential for pharmaceutical and clinical applications.
• Electrochemical methods offer sensitive and selective detection of biomolecules.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the electrochemical interaction between riboflavin and double-stranded DNA (ds-DNA).
• To develop a sensitive and cost-effective DNA biosensor for riboflavin determination.
• To validate the developed method for analyzing pharmaceutical and biological samples.

Main Methods:

• Electrochemical analysis using a pencil graphite electrode (PGE).
• Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) to monitor changes in guanine and adenine oxidation signals.
• Differential pulse adsorptive stripping voltammetry (DPASV) with a pretreated PGE (PPGE).

Main Results:

• The interaction of riboflavin with ds-DNA caused a decrease in guanine and adenine oxidation signals.
• A linear relationship was observed between riboflavin concentration and signal decrease in the range of 0.5-70 μg mL⁻¹ (DPV) and 0.003-0.88 μg mL⁻¹ (DPASV).
• Detection limits were as low as 0.34 μg mL⁻¹ (DPV) and 0.076 ng mL⁻¹ (DPASV), with successful application to pharmaceutical and urine samples.

Conclusions:

• The developed DNA biosensor provides a sensitive, rapid, and cost-effective method for riboflavin detection.
• The electrochemical approach effectively quantifies riboflavin by monitoring its interaction with ds-DNA.
• The validated methods are suitable for real-world applications in pharmaceutical quality control and biological sample analysis.