Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 27, 2026

Dynamic Digital Biomarkers of Motor and Cognitive Function in Parkinson's Disease
Published on: July 24, 2019
Motor and non-motor predictors of illness-related distress in Parkinson's disease
Catharina Sjödahl Hammarlund1, Peter Hagell, Maria H Nilsson
1Department of Health Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
Objective:
To identify motor and non-motor symptoms independently associated with distress in Parkinson's disease (PD).
Method:
Clinical and patient-reported data from 118 people with PD (mean age and PD-duration, 64 and 8 years) were analyzed regarding associations with patient-reported distress using multiple regressions (controlling for age).
Results:
Non-motor symptoms independently associated with distress were pain, fatigue, sleep, depression and anxiety (R(2), 0.81). The only significant motor aspect was mobility (R(2), 0.31). When considering both motor and non-motor symptoms, fatigue, pain, depression and sleep showed independent associations with distress (R(2), 0.76).
Conclusion:
Distress in PD is primarily associated with non-motor features.
Related Concept Videos
Parkinson Disease l: Introduction
Parkinson Disease ll: Pathophysiology
Parkinson's Disease: Treatment
Parkinson's Disease is primarily a result of the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. The cornerstone of its...
Parkinson's Disease: Overview
Alterations in Muscle Tone lll
Neural Regulation
