Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Bioreactor Design and Operational System01:29

Bioreactor Design and Operational System

Bioreactors are engineered vessels designed to cultivate microorganisms under controlled conditions for industrial bioprocessing. They maintain sterility and allow precise regulation of pH, temperature, oxygen, and nutrient levels to optimize microbial growth and metabolite production. Bioreactors range from small laboratory units of 1 liter to industrial systems holding up to 500,000 liters, though only about 75% of their volume is actively used for fermentation. The remaining headspace...
Batch vs Continuous Culture01:14

Batch vs Continuous Culture

Fermentation is a foundational biotechnological process used to produce pharmaceuticals, biofuels, enzymes, and food additives. Among industrial strategies, batch and continuous fermentation are the two most widely applied. Although both rely on microbial conversion of substrates into desired products, they differ markedly in operation, productivity, and suitability for specific applications.Batch fermentation occurs in a closed system in which nutrient media and inoculum are added at the...
Mechanistic Models: Compartment Models in Individual and Population Analysis01:23

Mechanistic Models: Compartment Models in Individual and Population Analysis

Mechanistic models are utilized in individual analysis using single-source data, but imperfections arise due to data collection errors, preventing perfect prediction of observed data. The mathematical equation involves known values (Xi), observed concentrations (Ci), measurement errors (εi), model parameters (ϕj), and the related function (ƒi) for i number of values. Different least-squares metrics quantify differences between predicted and observed values. The ordinary least squares (OLS)...
Mechanistic Models: Compartment Models in Algorithms for Numerical Problem Solving01:29

Mechanistic Models: Compartment Models in Algorithms for Numerical Problem Solving

Mechanistic models play a crucial role in algorithms for numerical problem-solving, particularly in nonlinear mixed effects modeling (NMEM). These models aim to minimize specific objective functions by evaluating various parameter estimates, leading to the development of systematic algorithms. In some cases, linearization techniques approximate the model using linear equations.
In individual population analyses, different algorithms are employed, such as Cauchy's method, which uses a...
Bioreactor Controls-II01:18

Bioreactor Controls-II

In aerobic fermentations, oxygen is vital for microbial growth and metabolite production. Since air comprises only about 20% oxygen and the gas is poorly soluble in water—just 9 ppm at 20°C—supplying sufficient oxygen becomes a critical challenge, especially in high-demand processes like yeast growth or citric acid production. Even a fully saturated broth may offer only a few seconds of oxygen availability.To address this, sterile or scrubbed air is introduced into the fermentor via a sparger...
Methods of Medium Optimization01:28

Methods of Medium Optimization

Optimizing growth media enhances microbial proliferation and maximizes product yield. Statistical experimental design methodologies provide structured and reproducible approaches, offering progressively higher levels of robustness and efficiency.The One-Factor-at-a-Time (OFAT) MethodThe One-Factor-at-a-Time (OFAT) method involves adjusting a single variable while keeping all others constant. However, it cannot detect interactions between variables, often leading to suboptimal outcomes when...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Determination of carbon dioxide by gas chromatography using an electron capture detector for the analysis of greenhouse gases: A comparison and validation with the standard method.

Journal of chromatography. A·2025
Same author

Utilizing conductive materials for reducing methane emissions in postharvest paddy rice soil microcosms.

The Science of the total environment·2025
Same author

Characterization of melanin from <i>Exophiala mesophila</i> with the prospect of potential biotechnological applications.

Frontiers in fungal biology·2024
Same author

Air treatment technologies in pig farms. Life cycle assessment of dry and wet scrubbers in Northern Italy and Northeastern Spain.

The Science of the total environment·2024
Same author

The Metallotolerance and Biosorption of As(V) and Cr(VI) by Black Fungi.

Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland)·2024
Same author

Recent Advances in Bioelectrochemical Systems for Nitrogen and Phosphorus Recovery Using Membranes.

Membranes·2023

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 27, 2026

Continuously-stirred Anaerobic Digester to Convert Organic Wastes into Biogas: System Setup and Basic Operation
11:31

Continuously-stirred Anaerobic Digester to Convert Organic Wastes into Biogas: System Setup and Basic Operation

Published on: July 13, 2012

Empirical characterisation and mathematical modelling of settlement in composting batch reactors.

Josep Illa1, Francesc X Prenafeta-Boldú, August Bonmatí

  • 1Dept. of Computing and Industrial Engineering, Universitat de Lleida, Avgda. Jaume II 69, E-25001 Lleida, Spain. jilla@macs.udl.cat

Bioresource Technology
|November 22, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Organic waste settlement during composting, measured in forced-aerated reactors, correlates with oxygen consumption. This study models settlement using mathematical equations based on biodegradation activity.

More Related Videos

A Novel Bioreactor for High Density Cultivation of Diverse Microbial Communities
08:13

A Novel Bioreactor for High Density Cultivation of Diverse Microbial Communities

Published on: December 25, 2015

Measuring Biomethane Potential of Food Scrap Waste Anaerobically Co&#45;Digested with Waste&#45;Activated Sludge Using Respirometry
06:11

Measuring Biomethane Potential of Food Scrap Waste Anaerobically Co-Digested with Waste-Activated Sludge Using Respirometry

Published on: April 26, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 27, 2026

Continuously-stirred Anaerobic Digester to Convert Organic Wastes into Biogas: System Setup and Basic Operation
11:31

Continuously-stirred Anaerobic Digester to Convert Organic Wastes into Biogas: System Setup and Basic Operation

Published on: July 13, 2012

A Novel Bioreactor for High Density Cultivation of Diverse Microbial Communities
08:13

A Novel Bioreactor for High Density Cultivation of Diverse Microbial Communities

Published on: December 25, 2015

Measuring Biomethane Potential of Food Scrap Waste Anaerobically Co&#45;Digested with Waste&#45;Activated Sludge Using Respirometry
06:11

Measuring Biomethane Potential of Food Scrap Waste Anaerobically Co-Digested with Waste-Activated Sludge Using Respirometry

Published on: April 26, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Biotechnology
  • Waste Management

Background:

  • Composting is a vital process for organic waste management.
  • Understanding organic matter settlement is crucial for optimizing composting efficiency.
  • Forced-aerated static reactors are commonly used for composting diverse organic wastes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify organic matter settlement in composting reactors.
  • To model settlement behavior as a function of time and biodegradation.
  • To establish a relationship between settlement and biological activity.

Main Methods:

  • Measuring settlement at various levels within forced-aerated static reactors.
  • Monitoring temperature, oxygen, and carbon dioxide concentrations in exhaust gases.
  • Fitting experimental data to two- and three-parameter mathematical equations.

Main Results:

  • Settlement within reactors was accurately described by a linear profile.
  • Mass settlement was directly proportional to the initial height of the loaded waste.
  • A strong correlation was found between settlement and cumulative oxygen consumption.

Conclusions:

  • Settlement in composting reactors can be effectively modeled.
  • Biological activity, specifically oxygen consumption, is a key driver of settlement.
  • The findings provide insights for optimizing composting reactor design and operation.