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Related Concept Videos

Action Potential01:14

Action Potential

Neurons communicate by firing action potentials—the electrochemical signal that is propagated along the axon. The signal results in the release of neurotransmitters at axon terminals, thereby transmitting information to the nervous system. An action potential is a specific "all-or-none" change in membrane potential that results in a rapid spike in voltage.
Membrane potential in neurons
Neurons typically have a resting membrane potential of about -70 millivolts (mV). When they receive...

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Related Experiment Video

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Multi-Fiber Photometry to Record Neural Activity in Freely-Moving Animals
05:52

Multi-Fiber Photometry to Record Neural Activity in Freely-Moving Animals

Published on: October 20, 2019

Genetically encoded neural activity indicators.

Loren L Looger1, Oliver Griesbeck

  • 1Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Janelia Farm Research Campus, Ashburn, VA 20147, USA. loogerl@janelia.hhmi.org

Current Opinion in Neurobiology
|November 23, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Neuroscientists are developing advanced genetically encoded indicators to map neural activity. These tools, including calcium and voltage sensors, are crucial for understanding brain function and disease.

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Induction of an Isoelectric Brain State to Investigate the Impact of Endogenous Synaptic Activity on Neuronal Excitability In Vivo
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Optical Recording of Suprathreshold Neural Activity with Single-cell and Single-spike Resolution
08:48

Optical Recording of Suprathreshold Neural Activity with Single-cell and Single-spike Resolution

Published on: September 5, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Accurate recording of neural activity is fundamental to neuroscience.
  • Key physiological features include membrane depolarization, action potentials, and neurotransmitter dynamics.
  • Genetically encoded indicators offer a powerful approach for monitoring these activities in vivo.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in genetically encoded indicators for neuroscience.
  • To highlight progress in developing sensors for calcium ions, membrane potential, and neurotransmitters.
  • To discuss the potential of these probes for future research in neural circuit mapping.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent literature on genetically encoded indicators.
  • Focus on protein-based reagents for fluorescence microscopy.
  • Discussion of probes for calcium ions, membrane potential, and neurotransmitters.

Main Results:

  • Significant progress has been made in designing bright, photostable, and multi-color genetically encoded indicators.
  • These indicators enable chronic imaging in genetically specified cells.
  • Successful deployment of indicators for mapping neural activity has been demonstrated.

Conclusions:

  • Genetically encoded indicators are critical for advancing neuroscience research.
  • Continued development of these probes will accelerate the understanding of neural circuits and brain function.
  • Future outlook suggests enhanced capabilities for in vivo neural activity mapping.