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Related Concept Videos

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational

Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
Pathophysiology of Diabetes01:20

Pathophysiology of Diabetes

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility, suggesting a...
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Diabetes Mellitus: Introduction

Diabetes mellitus consists of chronic metabolic disorders characterized by persistent hyperglycemia. This elevated blood glucose results from defects in insulin secretion, impaired insulin action, or both. Insulin, produced by pancreatic β-cells, is essential for maintaining glucose homeostasis by facilitating cellular glucose uptake for energy or storage. Disruptions in insulin production or function lead to glucose accumulation in the bloodstream, causing the clinical features and long-term...
Type II Diabetes Mellitus III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis01:25

Type II Diabetes Mellitus III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis

Type 2 diabetes mellitus develops gradually and is often asymptomatic in early stages.Clinical ManifestationsWhen symptoms appear, they include fatigue, blurred vision, pruritus, delayed wound healing, and recurrent infections, particularly candidal infections. Peripheral neuropathy may present as numbness or tingling in the extremities. Classic hyperglycemia symptoms—polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia—are less common. Most patients are overweight and frequently have associated hypertension...
Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
Hyperglycemia01:29

Hyperglycemia

Hyperglycemia is an abnormally high blood glucose level. It is diagnosed by fasting glucose ≥126 mg/dL, 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test (or OGTT) ≥200 mg/dL, random glucose ≥200 mg/dL with symptoms, or HbA1c ≥6.5%. However, HbA1c results may be unreliable in certain conditions, such as anemia or hemoglobinopathies, and the diagnosis should be confirmed unless classic symptoms are present. Postprandial hyperglycemia is typically considered significant when glucose levels exceed 180 mg/dL two...

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Monitoring Blood Glucose in Mouse Offspring After Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection
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Monitoring Blood Glucose in Mouse Offspring After Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection

Published on: May 17, 2024

Gestational diabetes mellitus.

Mark B Landon1, Steven G Gabbe

  • 1From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio.

Obstetrics and Gynecology
|November 23, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a growing global health concern. This review guides healthcare practitioners in optimizing the diagnosis and management of GDM for improved maternal and infant outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Endocrinology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a complex metabolic disorder characterized by maternal hyperglycemia during pregnancy.
  • The global incidence of GDM is increasing, potentially exacerbated by evolving diagnostic criteria.
  • Rising GDM cases present a significant challenge to healthcare systems, necessitating a reevaluation of current diagnostic and treatment paradigms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of current diagnostic and treatment strategies for GDM.
  • To guide healthcare practitioners in managing carbohydrate intolerance during pregnancy.
  • To address ongoing debates surrounding GDM diagnosis and management.

Main Methods:

  • This review synthesizes information from recent large-scale studies and clinical practice.
  • It focuses on reassessing current approaches to GDM management.
  • The review aims to inform and guide healthcare providers.

Main Results:

  • The heterogeneity of GDM necessitates tailored diagnostic and treatment approaches.
  • Current diagnostic criteria and management strategies remain subjects of ongoing debate.
  • Optimizing GDM care requires continuous reassessment and evidence-based practice.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management of GDM is crucial for mitigating maternal and pregnancy-associated risks.
  • Healthcare practitioners should strive to provide optimal care for all pregnant individuals with GDM.
  • Further research and consensus-building are needed to refine GDM diagnosis and treatment.