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Adherence to anti-hypertensive medication: proposing and testing a conceptual model
Lyn Quine1, Liz Steadman, Susan Thompson
1Department of Psychology, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK. l.quine@kent.ac.uk
British Journal of Health Psychology
|November 24, 2011
Summary
Understanding medication adherence in hypertension is key. Psychological factors like intention and perceived control significantly predict adherence, informing better intervention strategies for patients on anti-hypertensive medication.
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Public Health
- Cardiology
Background:
- Hypertension management requires consistent anti-hypertensive medication adherence.
- Psychological factors play a crucial role in medication adherence, yet a comprehensive model is needed.
Purpose of the Study:
- To propose and test a conceptual model of psychological factors influencing adherence to anti-hypertensive medication.
- To identify key demographic, health status, cognitive, motivational, and intentional predictors of adherence.
Main Methods:
- A postal questionnaire survey was administered to 1,070 patients with hypertension from three primary care practices.
- Adherence and predictor variables were assessed at two time points, eight weeks apart.
- Hierarchical multiple regression analysis was used to examine the variance explained in adherence.
Main Results:
- The proposed model accounted for 19% of the variance in adherence at Time 1 and 34% at Time 2.
- Key predictors of adherence included age, gender, conscientiousness, hypertensive identity, perceived behavioral control, and intention.
- Adherence at Time 1 was also a significant predictor of adherence at Time 2.
Conclusions:
- The conceptual model provides a parsimonious explanation for adherence to anti-hypertensive medication.
- Findings suggest potential targets for designing interventions to improve medication adherence behaviors.
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