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Related Concept Videos

Sleep Apnea01:21

Sleep Apnea

Sleep apnea is a condition where breathing stops intermittently during sleep, often leading to significant health issues. Each episode can last from 10 to 20 seconds or more and is frequently accompanied by a brief arousal from sleep. This disturbance, largely unnoticed by the individual, can lead to severe daytime fatigue. Commonly, individuals seek help after being informed by their partners about loud snoring and noticeable breathing pauses during sleep.
The condition is more prevalent among...
Alterations in Respiration II01:30

Alterations in Respiration II

There are numerous types of normal and abnormal respiration. Based on ventilatory movements, breathing patterns are classified as regular, deep, or shallow. Examples include Biot's breathing, Cheyne-Stokes respiration, Kussmaul's breathing, hyperventilation, and hypoventilation. Each pattern is clinically significant and aids in evaluating patients.
In Biot's breathing, the respiratory rate and depth are irregular, alternating between periods of deep gasping and apnea. Common causes include...
Other Pulmonary Disorders01:17

Other Pulmonary Disorders

Respiratory disorders encompass a range of conditions with varying levels of severity. Asthma, marked by chronic airway inflammation and hypersensitivity, is one such condition. It can lead to airway obstruction due to factors like bronchial spasms, mucosal edema, increased mucus secretion, or epithelial damage. Asthma triggers are diverse, ranging from allergens to emotional upset, and treatment focuses on both immediate relief through bronchodilators and long-term inflammation suppression.
Sleepwalking and Sleep Talking01:17

Sleepwalking and Sleep Talking

Somnambulism, commonly known as sleepwalking, involves individuals engaging in activities ranging from simple walking to more complex behaviors such as driving. Sleepwalking typically occurs during the slow-wave sleep stages 3 and 4 early in the night when the person is not dreaming, contradicting the myth that sleepwalkers are acting out their dreams.
Factors that increase the likelihood of sleepwalking include sleep deprivation and alcohol consumption. Contrary to common beliefs, it is safe...
Respiratory Volumes and Capacities I01:26

Respiratory Volumes and Capacities I

Assessing the respiratory rate and rhythm for a complete minute is crucial for evaluating the breathing pattern. Even a minor increase in the patient's average respiratory rate, by as little as three to five breaths per minute, is an early and vital indicator of respiratory distress. Patients with a respiratory rate exceeding twenty-four breaths per minute require close monitoring to determine the physiological alterations. This careful observation is essential for prompt recognition and...
Breathing01:05

Breathing

The process of breathing, inhaling and exhaling, involves the coordinated movement of the chest wall, the lungs, and the muscles that move them. Two muscle groups with important roles in breathing are the diaphragm, located directly below the lungs, and the intercostal muscles, which lie between the ribs. When the diaphragm contracts, it moves downward, increasing the volume of the thoracic cavity and creating more room for the lungs to expand. When the intercostal muscles contract, the ribs...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 27, 2026

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) with Target Controlled Infusion (TCI) and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
07:54

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) with Target Controlled Infusion (TCI) and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Published on: December 6, 2016

Sleep-disordered breathing and pregnancy.

Francesca L Facco1

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60657, USA. f-facco@md.northwestern.edu

Seminars in Perinatology
|November 24, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) affects sleep quality and daytime function, and is linked to cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Screening for SDB in pregnancy is advised for highly symptomatic individuals to improve their sleep and daily functioning.

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Area of Science:

  • Sleep Medicine
  • Obstetrics
  • Cardiovascular Health

Background:

  • Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) encompasses disorders of breathing or gas exchange during sleep.
  • Obstructive sleep apnea is the most common SDB type, particularly in young, obese women.
  • SDB is associated with poor sleep, impaired daytime function, and cardiovascular/metabolic diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the emerging data on the relationship between SDB and pregnancy outcomes.
  • To highlight the need for further research, including large prospective studies with objective sleep measures.
  • To provide guidance on SDB screening during pregnancy.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on SDB in pregnancy.
  • Analysis of existing data linking SDB to adverse pregnancy outcomes.
  • Consideration of the biological plausibility of SDB's impact on pregnancy.

Main Results:

  • SDB symptoms are prevalent during pregnancy, with pregnancy potentially increasing SDB incidence.
  • Data on SDB's impact on pregnancy outcomes are limited and emerging.
  • Objective sleep measures in large prospective studies are lacking.

Conclusions:

  • While a link between SDB and adverse pregnancy outcomes is plausible, more research is needed.
  • Current screening for SDB in pregnancy should target severely symptomatic patients.
  • Treatment for symptomatic pregnant individuals with SDB can improve sleep quality and daytime function.