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Related Experiment Videos

Polycythemia in the newborn.

S Singh1, A Narang, O N Bhakoo

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh.

Indian Pediatrics
|April 1, 1990
PubMed
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Neonatal polycythemia affects over 3% of newborns. Peripheral blood removal with plasma infusion may be safer than umbilical plasma exchange for treating this condition.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatalogy
  • Pediatric Hematology

Background:

  • Polycythemia, defined as venous packed cell volume (PCV) > 65%, occurs in approximately 3.06% of neonatal admissions.
  • Risk factors include prematurity, small for gestational age, maternal gestational diabetes, twin deliveries, and severe perinatal asphyxia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the incidence, clinical presentation, and management outcomes of neonatal polycythemia.
  • To evaluate the safety and efficacy of partial plasma exchange transfusion via the umbilical route versus alternative methods.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 46 neonates diagnosed with polycythemia over a two-year period.
  • Documented clinical signs, associated conditions, and treatment interventions, including partial plasma exchange transfusion.

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Main Results:

  • Polycythemia presented with symptoms like lethargy (15%), feeding refusal (13%), and respiratory distress (10%).
  • Associated conditions included hypoglycemia (10.8%) and significant jaundice (26%).
  • Partial plasma exchange transfusion was administered to 60.8% of infants, with a 6.5% mortality rate.

Conclusions:

  • Neonatal polycythemia is a significant condition with diverse clinical manifestations.
  • Peripheral blood removal combined with plasma infusion may offer a safer alternative to umbilical route partial plasma exchange transfusion.