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Optimal conditions for using the binary approximation of continuously self-imaging gratings.

Martin Piponnier¹, Guillaume Druart, Nicolas Guérineau

¹ONERA – The French Aerospace Lab, F-91761 Palaiseau, France. martin.piponnier@onera.fr

|November 24, 2011

Summary

Binary approximation of Continuously Self-Imaging Gratings (CSIG) can impact their non-diffracting properties. However, specific conditions eliminate parasitic effects, restoring the theoretical performance of these Diffractive Optical Elements (DOE).

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Area of Science:

Optics and Photonics
Diffractive Optics
Metrology and Imaging

Background:

Diffractive Optical Elements (DOE) create propagation-invariant patterns, offering extended depth of focus for metrology and imaging.
Exact DOE fabrication is challenging, often necessitating binary approximations of transmittance functions.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the impact of binary approximation on Continuously Self-Imaging Gratings (CSIG).
To analyze the effects on propagated intensity patterns for both amplitude and phase coding.

Main Methods:

Studying the binarization of CSIG transmittance.
Analyzing the resulting propagated intensity patterns under different coding schemes (amplitude/phase).

Main Results:

Binary approximation introduces parasitic effects in CSIG performance.
Under specific conditions, these parasitic effects are eliminated.
The theoretical non-diffracting property of CSIG can be recovered.

Conclusions:

Binary approximation of CSIGs can be optimized to preserve their non-diffracting characteristics.
This research provides insights for designing effective binary DOEs for advanced optical applications.