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Fabrication And Characterization Of Photonic Crystal Slow Light Waveguides And Cavities
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Published on: November 30, 2012

Forward and backward THz-wave difference frequency generations from a rectangular nonlinear waveguide.

Yen-Chieh Huang1, Tsong-Dong Wang, Yen-Hou Lin

  • 1Institute of Photonics Technologies, Department of Electrical Engineering, National Tsinghua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan. ychuang@ee.nthu.edu.tw

Optics Express
|November 24, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers achieved enhanced terahertz-wave generation using a periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) rectangular crystal waveguide. This novel approach significantly boosted terahertz output power compared to traditional slab waveguides.

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Area of Science:

  • Optics and Photonics
  • Terahertz (THz) Science and Technology
  • Nonlinear Optics

Background:

  • Terahertz (THz) wave generation is crucial for various spectroscopic and imaging applications.
  • Periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) is a key material for nonlinear optical frequency conversion.
  • Waveguide structures can enhance THz generation efficiency by increasing optical power density.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the efficiency of THz-wave difference frequency generation (DFG) using a PPLN rectangular crystal rod.
  • To compare the THz output power from a rectangular waveguide with a conventional PPLN slab waveguide.
  • To evaluate the performance enhancement offered by the waveguide geometry.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a PPLN rectangular crystal rod (0.5 × 0.6 mm(2) aperture, 25 mm length).
  • Utilized difference frequency generation (DFG) with near-infrared pump and signal waves (~1.54 μm).
  • Measured THz-wave output powers at 197 μm and 469 μm for both forward and backward configurations.

Main Results:

  • Observed significant THz-wave generation at 197 μm and 469 μm.
  • The PPLN rectangular crystal rod acted as a waveguide for THz waves while behaving as bulk material for optical waves.
  • Achieved enhancement factors of 1.6 for forward and 1.8 for backward THz output power compared to a PPLN slab waveguide.

Conclusions:

  • The rectangular PPLN waveguide structure effectively enhances THz-wave output power.
  • This geometry offers improved performance for THz generation via DFG.
  • The findings are promising for developing more efficient THz sources.