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Related Concept Videos

Network Function of a Circuit01:25

Network Function of a Circuit

Frequency response analysis in electrical circuits provides vital insights into a circuit's behavior as the frequency of the input signal changes. The transfer function, a mathematical tool, is instrumental in understanding this behavior. It defines the relationship between phasor output and input and comes in four types: voltage gain, current gain, transfer impedance, and transfer admittance. The critical components of the transfer function are the poles and zeros.
Ophthalmic Drug Delivery Systems01:23

Ophthalmic Drug Delivery Systems

Ophthalmic drug delivery faces major limitations due to poor absorption across the corneal membrane. This process is primarily driven by diffusion and is influenced by two main factors: the physicochemical properties of the drug and tear drainage. Most ophthalmic drugs, such as pilocarpine, epinephrine, atropine, and local anesthetics, are weak bases. They are typically formulated at an acidic pH to enhance chemical stability. However, this leads to high ionization, reducing their ability to...
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Aluminum has become the material of choice for overhead transmission lines, surpassing copper due to its abundance and cost-effectiveness. The most prevalent type is the aluminum conductor, steel-reinforced (ACSR), which combines aluminum strands around a steel core. Other variants include all-aluminum conductors (AAC), all-aluminum alloy conductors (AAAC), aluminum conductor alloy-reinforced (ACAR), and aluminum-clad steel conductors. Advanced designs, such as aluminum conductors with steel...
Maximum Power Transfer01:16

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Numerous practical applications within engineering disciplines, such as telecommunications, necessitate optimizing power delivery to a connected load. This pursuit, however, entails inherent internal losses, which can either equal or exceed the power supplied to the load. The Thevenin equivalent circuit is helpful in finding the maximum power a linear circuit can deliver to a load. It is assumed in this context that the load resistance can be adjusted.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 27, 2026

Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping
09:43

Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping

Published on: March 20, 2017

All-optical virtual private network and ONUs communication in optical OFDM-based PON system.

Chongfu Zhang1, Jian Huang, Chen Chen

  • 1Key Lab of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communication Networks, Ministry of Education, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611731, China. cfzhang@uestc.edu.cn

Optics Express
|November 24, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces an all-optical virtual private network (VPN) for optical orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing-based passive optical networks (OFDM-PONs). The novel scheme enhances security and flexibility for inter-Optical Network Unit (ONU) communications.

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Quasi-light Storage for Optical Data Packets
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Last Updated: May 27, 2026

Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping
09:43

Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping

Published on: March 20, 2017

Quasi-light Storage for Optical Data Packets
07:45

Quasi-light Storage for Optical Data Packets

Published on: February 6, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Optical Communications
  • Network Engineering
  • Information Security

Background:

  • Passive Optical Networks (PONs) are crucial for broadband access.
  • Existing PONs face challenges in providing secure and flexible virtual private networks (VPNs).
  • Optical Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM) offers high bandwidth potential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and demonstrate a novel all-optical VPN scheme for OFDM-PON systems.
  • To enable secure and flexible inter-Optical Network Unit (ONU) communications within OFDM-PONs.
  • To investigate both intra-VPN and inter-VPN communication scenarios.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing subcarrier band allocation within an OFDM-PON system.
  • Implementing an all-optical approach for VPN and ONU inter-communications.
  • Demonstrating the scheme at 10-Gbit/s using 16-Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (16 QAM).

Main Results:

  • Successful demonstration of all-optical VPN and inter-ONU communications.
  • Achieved 10-Gbit/s data rates with 16 QAM.
  • The proposed scheme offers enhanced security and flexibility compared to WDM-PON and TDM-PON.

Conclusions:

  • The novel subcarrier allocation scheme is feasible for all-optical VPNs in OFDM-PONs.
  • The system provides a secure and flexible platform for intra- and inter-group ONU communications.
  • This approach advances the capabilities of passive optical networks.