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Related Concept Videos

Physical Properties of Alcohols and Phenols02:32

Physical Properties of Alcohols and Phenols

Alcohols are organic compounds in which a hydroxy group is attached to a saturated carbon. Phenols are a class of alcohols containing a hydroxy group attached to an aromatic ring. The physical properties of the alcohols and phenols are influenced by hydrogen bonding due to the oxygen–hydrogen dipole in the hydroxy functional group and dispersion forces between alkyl or aryl regions of alcohol and phenol molecules.
Alcohols possess a higher boiling point than aliphatic hydrocarbons of similar...
Structure and Nomenclature of Alcohols and Phenols02:23

Structure and Nomenclature of Alcohols and Phenols

Overview
Alcohols are one of the most important functional groups in organic chemistry. The name of alcohol comes from the hydrocarbon from which it is derived. Alcohols are organic molecules containing the functional hydroxyl or –OH group directly bonded to carbon. Phenols have an OH group directly attached to a benzene ring. While alcohols are colorless, phenol is a white crystalline compound with a characteristic "hospital smell" odor.
As with other organic compounds, alcohols and phenols...
Preparation of Alcohols via Addition Reactions02:15

Preparation of Alcohols via Addition Reactions

Overview
The acid-catalyzed addition of water to the double bond of alkenes is a large-scale industrial method used to synthesize low-molecular-weight alcohols. An acidic atmosphere is required to allow the hydrogen in the water molecule to act as an electrophile and attack the double bond in an alkene. The addition of a proton to the double bond creates a carbocation intermediate. The proton preferentially bonds to the less substituted end of the double bond to create a more stable carbocation...
Constitutional Isomers of Alkanes02:18

Constitutional Isomers of Alkanes

Organic compounds of the same molecular formula can have different structural formulas called constitutional isomers, and the phenomenon is known as constitutional isomerism. Alkanes with four or more carbons showing multiple structures with the same molecular formula thereby exhibit constitutional isomerism.
The linear isomer of an alkane is prefixed by the term “n”; hence a linear isomer of pentane is known as n-pentane. Based on the type of branching, some of the branched isomers are given...
Organic Compounds03:02

Organic Compounds

All living things are formed mostly of carbon compounds called organic compounds. The category of organic compounds includes both natural and synthetic compounds that contain carbon. Although a single, precise definition has yet to be identified by the chemistry community, most agree that a defining trait of organic molecules is the presence of carbon as the principal element, bonded to hydrogen and other carbon atoms. However, some carbon-containing compounds such as carbonates, cyanides, and...
Nomenclature of Alkanes02:22

Nomenclature of Alkanes

In the late 19th-century, the number of new chemical compounds discovered increased tremendously. Hence, the necessity arose to develop a naming system for the systematic nomenclature of these newly discovered compounds. IUPAC (International Union for Pure and Applied Chemistry), established in 1919, sets rules for the nomenclature.
The alkane nomenclature considers the length of the carbon chain, the number, and the location of the substituent to arrive at its systematic name. The IUPAC...

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Assessment of Social Interaction Behaviors
06:41

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Published on: February 25, 2011

Branched-chain higher alcohols.

Bao-Wei Wang1, Ai-Qin Shi, Ran Tu

  • 1Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Tianjin, 300308, China.

Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology
|November 24, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Branched-chain higher alcohols (BCHAs) offer superior fuel properties over ethanol. Microbial production using metabolic engineering and synthetic biology shows promise for economical BCHA synthesis in China.

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Chemical Engineering
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • China faces energy demands and environmental challenges, driving the search for alternative liquid fuels.
  • Branched-chain higher alcohols (BCHAs) possess advantageous properties like higher energy density and infrastructure compatibility compared to fuel ethanol.
  • Current economic synthesis of BCHAs using native organisms remains a challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current status of branched-chain higher alcohols (BCHAs) production and consumption in China.
  • To explore research progress in microbial production of BCHAs, particularly leveraging metabolic engineering and synthetic biology.
  • To highlight the potential of these advanced biotechnologies for efficient BCHA synthesis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of BCHA production and consumption data in China.
  • Analysis of research advancements in microbial synthesis of BCHAs.
  • Examination of the integration of metabolic engineering and synthetic biology for BCHA production.

Main Results:

  • BCHAs demonstrate significant advantages over fuel ethanol for transportation applications.
  • Microbial production presents a viable and potentially economical alternative for BCHA synthesis.
  • Metabolic engineering and synthetic biology approaches are key to enhancing BCHA production efficiency.

Conclusions:

  • Microbial production of BCHAs, particularly through metabolic engineering and synthetic biology, holds great potential for China's alternative fuel sector.
  • Further research and development in this area are crucial for overcoming economic synthesis challenges.
  • This approach aligns with China's goals for energy security and environmental sustainability.