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Updated: May 27, 2026

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Published on: May 19, 2020
Renal resistive index in 55 dogs with degenerative mitral valve disease
1Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Maisons-Alfort, France.
Background:
Azotemia occurs frequently in dogs with degenerative mitral valve disease (DMVD). It could indicate changes in renal hemodynamics.
Hypothesis/Objectives:
To assess the renal resistive index (RI) in dogs with DMVD, and the statistical link between heart failure class, azotemia, echo-Doppler parameters, several plasma variables, and RI.
Animals:
Fifty-five dogs with naturally occurring DVMD were used (ISACHC class 1 [n = 28], 2 [n = 19], and 3 [n = 8]).
Methods:
Observational, blinded study, performed under standardized conditions. Physical examination, renal ultrasonography, and echo-Doppler examinations were performed in awake dogs. The RI of the renal, interlobar, and arcuate arteries were measured. Plasma creatinine, urea, and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide concentrations (NT-proBNP) were determined. Statistical links between variables and RI were tested by means of a general linear model.
Results:
Although the RI of renal and arcuate arteries were unaffected by ISACHC class, the left interlobar RI increased (P < .001) from 0.62 ± 0.05 (mean ± SD) in class 1 to 0.76 ± 0.08 in class 3. It was also higher (P < .001) in azotemic (0.74 ± 0.08) than in non-azotemic (0.62 ± 0.05) dogs. Similar findings were observed for right interlobar RI. Univariate analysis showed a positive statistical link between NT-proBNP (P = .002), urea (P < .001), creatinine (P = .002), urea-to-creatinine ratio (P < .001), left atrium-to-aorta ratio (P < .001), regurgitation fraction (P < .001), systolic pulmonary arterial pressure (P < .001), shortening fraction (P = .035), and RI.
Conclusion And Clinical Importance:
In dogs with DMVD, interlobar RI increases with heart failure severity and azotemia but a cause and effect relationship remains to be established.
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