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Related Concept Videos

Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

Cell-mediated Immune Responses

Overview
Kidney Transplant I: Introduction01:28

Kidney Transplant I: Introduction

A kidney transplant is a surgical approach that involves replacing a non-functioning kidney with a healthy one from a donor. This procedure is often a treatment option for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. The method requires careful recipient selection, including evaluating various medical and psychosocial factors. These criteria vary between transplant centers but generally include assessments of the patient's overall health, adherence to medical recommendations, and lifestyle...
Kidney Transplant II: Surgical Procedure01:26

Kidney Transplant II: Surgical Procedure

Preoperative ManagementThe primary goals of preoperative management in kidney transplantation are to optimize the patient’s metabolic state and prepare them for surgery through diet adjustments, necessary dialysis, and tailored medical treatment. This phase also involves comprehensive infection screening and patient education about the surgical procedure and postoperative care to improve outcomes and adherence.Medical ManagementA comprehensive evaluation is required for both the living donor...
Blood Transfusion01:15

Blood Transfusion

Blood transfusion is a critical medical procedure that saves lives and treats various medical conditions. It involves transferring blood from a donor to a recipient. This process requires a thorough understanding of the ABO blood group system and its associated antigens and antibodies.
Blood Transfusion Overview
A blood transfusion is a medical procedure used to replace blood lost due to injury, surgery, or to treat conditions such as anemia or cancer. During a transfusion, donor blood is...
Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions01:19

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions

Type III hypersensitivity reactions occur when antigen–antibody complexes form and activate the complement system. Normally, these complexes help the clearance of antigens by phagocytes and red blood cells. However, when large numbers of immune complexes are present, they can deposit in tissues—particularly in the walls of blood vessels—leading to inflammation and tissue injury. These deposits trigger complement activation and neutrophil recruitment, resulting in serum sickness, a systemic...
Antibody Actions01:26

Antibody Actions

Antibodies, or immunoglobulins, are critical players in the immune system's arsenal against invading pathogens. Produced by B cells and plasma cells, their primary role is to detect and bind to specific antigens, molecules found on the surface of pathogens like bacteria or viruses. Beyond antigen recognition, antibodies perform several vital functions that contribute to immune defense.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 27, 2026

Trans-vivo Delayed Type Hypersensitivity Assay for Antigen Specific Regulation
11:49

Trans-vivo Delayed Type Hypersensitivity Assay for Antigen Specific Regulation

Published on: May 2, 2013

Desensitization with antigen-specific immunoadsorption interferes with complement in ABO-incompatible kidney

Ali-Reza Biglarnia1, Bo Nilsson, Kristina Nilsson Ekdahl

  • 1Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden. alireza.biglarnia@akademiska.se

Transplantation
|November 25, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Antigen-specific immunoadsorption (IA) effectively reduces complement activation in ABO-incompatible kidney transplants. This desensitization strategy contributes to excellent patient and graft survival, preventing humoral rejections.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 27, 2026

Trans-vivo Delayed Type Hypersensitivity Assay for Antigen Specific Regulation
11:49

Trans-vivo Delayed Type Hypersensitivity Assay for Antigen Specific Regulation

Published on: May 2, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Immunology
  • Transplantation Science

Background:

  • ABO-incompatible (ABOi) kidney transplantation presents challenges due to pre-formed anti-A/B antibodies.
  • Complement activation is a key pathway in antibody-mediated rejection following ABOi transplants.
  • Desensitization protocols aim to mitigate antibody levels and subsequent complement activation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the impact of a desensitization protocol, including antigen-specific immunoadsorption (IA), on complement activation in ABOi kidney transplant recipients.
  • To evaluate the relationship between complement activation and clinical outcomes, specifically humoral rejection and graft survival.

Main Methods:

  • 19 patients undergoing ABOi kidney transplantation received rituximab and tacrolimus-based triple therapy.
  • Antigen-specific IA was employed to remove anti-A/B antibodies prior to transplantation.
  • Serial measurements of complement components (C3, C3a, C1q, sC5b-9) were performed pre- and post-transplant.

Main Results:

  • Excellent patient (100%) and graft (100%) survival were observed at a median follow-up of 40 months.
  • No humoral rejections related to ABO-antigen-antibody interactions occurred.
  • IA treatment led to a significant decline in C3a and C1q levels, indicating reduced complement activation.

Conclusions:

  • The desensitization protocol, particularly antigen-specific IA, effectively modulates the complement system in ABOi kidney transplantation.
  • Interference with complement activation by IA appears crucial in preventing ABO-related humoral rejections.
  • This approach contributes to the favorable clinical outcomes seen in ABOi kidney transplant recipients.