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Updated: May 27, 2026

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation via Colonoscopy for Recurrent C. difficile Infection
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New faecal tests in gastroenterology.

Ruth M Ayling1

  • 1Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Derriford Hospital, Plymouth PL6 8DH, UK. ruthayling@clinicalbiochemistry.org.uk

Annals of Clinical Biochemistry
|November 25, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Investigating abdominal disorders can be complex and invasive. Fecal biochemical tests offer a less invasive diagnostic alternative for conditions like inflammatory bowel disease and pancreatic insufficiency, with potential for colorectal cancer screening.

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Clinical Biochemistry
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Abdominal disorders often present with overlapping symptoms, complicating diagnosis.
  • Current diagnostic methods like imaging, endoscopy, and biopsy are invasive and resource-intensive.
  • Blood tests are not routinely available for many abdominal conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the utility of fecal biochemical markers as non-invasive diagnostic tools for various abdominal disorders.
  • To review the established and emerging roles of specific fecal markers in diagnosing and monitoring gastrointestinal conditions.
  • To assess the potential of fecal tests in colorectal cancer screening and diagnosis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on fecal calprotectin, lactoferrin, elastase, occult blood, tumor M2-pyruvate kinase, and DNA testing.

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  • Analysis of diagnostic accuracy and clinical utility of these fecal markers.
  • Evaluation of the advantages and limitations of non-invasive fecal testing compared to traditional methods.

    • Main Results:

    • Faecal calprotectin and lactoferrin are valuable for diagnosing and monitoring inflammatory bowel disease.
    • Faecal elastase aids in diagnosing pancreatic insufficiency.
    • Faecal occult blood testing is used for colorectal cancer screening; tumor M2-pyruvate kinase shows diagnostic and screening potential.
    • Fecal DNA testing is promising for colorectal cancer but requires further evaluation.

    Conclusions:

    • Fecal biochemical tests represent a valuable, less invasive alternative to traditional diagnostic procedures for abdominal disorders.
    • Specific fecal markers have demonstrated efficacy in diagnosing inflammatory bowel disease, pancreatic insufficiency, and show promise for colorectal cancer.
    • Further research is needed to fully establish the applications of novel fecal markers, particularly DNA testing, in colorectal cancer management.