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Immune complement activation is attenuated by surface nanotopography.

Mats Hulander¹, Anders Lundgren, Mattias Berglin

¹Department of Cell and Molecular Biology/Interface Biophysics, University of Gothenburg, Medicinaregatan 9E, Gothenburg, Sweden. mats.hulander@cmb.gu.se

International Journal of Nanomedicine

|November 25, 2011

Summary

Surface nanotopography significantly reduces immune complement activation on biomaterials. Nanostructured surfaces, even with pre-adsorbed proteins, show nearly 50% less complement system activation, improving biocompatibility.

Keywords:

IgG QCM-D gold nanoparticles innate immunity nanostructure protein adsorption

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Area of Science:

Biomaterials Science
Immunology
Nanotechnology

Background:

The immune complement (IC) system is crucial for innate immunity, recognizing foreign entities.
Uncontrolled IC activation by biomaterials can lead to adverse effects and device failure.
Understanding how surface properties influence IC activation is vital for biomaterial development.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the impact of surface nanotopography on immune complement activation.
To determine if nanostructured surfaces can mitigate adverse immune responses to biomaterials.
To explore the role of protein adsorption and surface hydrophobicity in IC activation.

Main Methods:

Immobilization of gold nanoparticles (58 nm) on gold substrates to create nanostructured surfaces.
Quantification of IC activation using fluorescence microscopy and quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring in human serum.
Assessment of IC activation following pre-adsorption of human immunoglobulin G (IgG) and changes in surface hydrophobicity.

Main Results:

Nanostructured surfaces significantly attenuated immune complement activation by nearly 50% compared to smooth surfaces.
This reduction in IC activation persisted even after pre-adsorption with IgG.
Increased surface hydrophobicity diminished the protective effect of nanostructuring.

Conclusions:

Surface nanotopography is a critical factor in modulating immune complement activation.
Nanostructured surfaces offer a promising strategy to reduce adverse immune responses to biomaterials.
Further research into nanoparticle curvature and protein orientation is needed to fully understand these interactions.