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Brain plasticity and behaviour in the developing brain.

Bryan Kolb1, Robbin Gibb

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Brain development involves stages like neurogenesis and synaptogenesis, influenced by genetics and environment. Understanding these factors is key to comprehending normal and abnormal brain development.

Keywords:
brain developmentcerebral plasticityenvironmental stimulationepigenetics

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • The brain undergoes complex developmental processes from conception through adolescence.
  • Brain plasticity, the ability to change, is a fundamental property throughout life.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the fundamental principles of brain development.
  • To identify core concepts of brain plasticity.
  • To explore factors impacting brain maturation and adaptability.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature review was performed.
  • English-language manuscripts focusing on brain development and plasticity were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Brain development follows sequential stages: neurogenesis, neural migration, maturation, synaptogenesis, pruning, and myelination.
  • Eight key principles of brain plasticity were identified.
  • Environmental influences, including sensory input, drugs, hormones, social interactions, stress, gut microbiota, and diet, significantly affect brain development and function.

Conclusions:

  • Brain development is a dynamic interplay between genetic predispositions and environmental experiences.
  • This intricate interaction shapes the developing brain, influencing both typical and atypical developmental trajectories.
  • Understanding these developmental mechanisms offers critical insights into neurological health and disorders.