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Pinching-off of Coated Vesicles01:32

Pinching-off of Coated Vesicles

Vesicle budding is orchestrated by distinct cytosolic proteins such as adaptor proteins, coat proteins, and GTPases. To initiate vesicle budding, membrane-bending proteins containing crescent-shaped BAR domains bind to the lipid heads in the bilayer and distort the membrane to form a protein-coated vesicle bud. Adaptors proteins such as AP2 for clathrin-coated vesicles can nucleate on the deformed membrane. Finally, coat proteins such as clathrin or COPI and COPII assemble into a coat forming...

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Microfluidic Fabrication of Core-Shell Microcapsules carrying Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Spheroids
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Visual indication of mechanical damage using core-shell microcapsules.

Susan A Odom1, Aaron C Jackson, Alex M Prokup

  • 1Beckman Institute for Advanced Science & Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|November 26, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A novel core-shell microcapsule system visually detects mechanical damage. Upon rupture, the encapsulated 1,3,5,7-cyclooctatetraene precursor rapidly forms intensely colored polyacetylene, signaling damage.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Sensing Technology

Background:

  • Microcapsules are used for material protection and controlled release.
  • Visual detection methods for mechanical damage are crucial in various industries.
  • Volatile core materials require robust encapsulation strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a core-shell microcapsule system for the visual detection of mechanical damage.
  • To investigate the encapsulation of 1,3,5,7-cyclooctatetraene for colorimetric sensing.
  • To optimize microcapsule properties for enhanced stability and performance.

Main Methods:

  • Encapsulation of 1,3,5,7-cyclooctatetraene within poly(urea-formaldehyde) and polyurethane shells.
  • Modification of shell wall thickness and inclusion of core-side prepolymer.
  • Assessment of capsule stability, thermal properties, and free-flowing nature.
  • Induction of capsule rupture via mechanical damage (scratching) and observation of color change in the presence of a ruthenium catalyst.

Main Results:

  • A stable core-shell microcapsule system was successfully developed.
  • Increased shell thickness and core-side prepolymer improved thermal stability and reduced leaching/rupture.
  • Ruptured capsules exhibited a distinct color change from colorless to red-orange and dark purple over time.
  • Scratch damage on thin films containing the microcapsules resulted in visible color changes.

Conclusions:

  • The developed microcapsule system provides a reliable visual indicator for mechanical damage.
  • The system leverages the precursor nature of 1,3,5,7-cyclooctatetraene to generate intense colors upon damage.
  • Optimized microcapsule design enhances stability and practical applicability for damage sensing.