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Updated: May 27, 2026

In Vitro Intraluminal Gel Infusion: An Advanced Approach for Microscopic Analysis of Human Resistance Arteries
Published on: August 19, 2025
Effects of the novel polymer gel LeGoo on human internal thoracic arteries
Bernhard Winkler1, Else Müller-Schweinitzer, Faik Elezi
1Division of Cardiac Surgery, Heart Center Basel - Bern, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland. bwinkler@uhbs.ch
Purpose:
Established hemostatic devices can injure vessel wall integrity. LeGoo (Pluromed, Woburn, MA), a novel poloxamer gel with reverse thermosensitive properties, is a new device for temporary occlusion of blood vessels. The present study investigated the effects of LeGoo on vascular function and morphology.
Description:
The distal end of the human internal thoracic artery was used to assess vascular function of LeGoo-applied segments in organ bath experiments and by scanning electron microscopy.
Evaluation:
After LeGoo application, both maximal contractile responses to noradrenaline and endothelium-dependent relaxant responses to acetylcholine were significantly reduced. Scanning electron microscopy showed areas of injured endothelium with exposure of subendothelial structures being in line with the functional changes.
Conclusions:
Data suggested that application of LeGoo induced significant endothelial injury and deterioration of the smooth muscle in human internal thoracic arteries.
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