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Related Concept Videos

Trachea01:22

Trachea

The trachea, commonly known as the windpipe, is a vital part of the human respiratory system. It serves as a passageway for air to travel between the larynx and the bronchi, allowing oxygen to reach the lungs. Let's explore its anatomical features, dimensions, layers of the tracheal wall, associated muscles, and the functions of its parts.
Anatomical Features:
Location: About half of the trachea is situated in the neck, anterior to the esophagus, and extends from the larynx (at the level of the...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features01:24

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features

Chronic bronchitis is a key phenotype of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), characterized by airway-centered inflammation and mucus overproduction. It develops from long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases, most commonly cigarette smoke, which triggers a persistent inflammatory response.Cellular and Structural ChangesInflammation initially affects the large bronchi and later the smaller airways, with infiltration by immune cells, including neutrophils, macrophages, and...
The Bronchial Tree01:23

The Bronchial Tree

The human bronchi and bronchial tree play a crucial role in the respiratory system, facilitating the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide. Let's delve into the intricate structure and functions of these respiratory components.
The trachea, commonly known as the windpipe, is a tube that connects the larynx (voice box) to the bronchi. At a point called the carina, it bifurcates into two primary bronchi. The right primary bronchus is wider, shorter, and more vertical than the left primary...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease II: Emphysema01:23

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease II: Emphysema

Emphysema, a major phenotype of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), is characterized by irreversible destruction of alveolar walls and permanent enlargement of distal airspaces. Unlike chronic bronchitis, which primarily affects the airways, emphysema predominantly involves the lung parenchyma, where structural damage leads to airflow limitation.PathophysiologyIt most commonly results from prolonged exposure to cigarette smoke and other toxic gases, particularly cigarette smoke.
Atypical Pneumonia01:14

Atypical Pneumonia

Atypical pneumonia, often caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae, is a form of pulmonary infection that differs from the classical presentation of bacterial pneumonia in both its cause and clinical symptoms. Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a pleomorphic bacterium notable for its lack of a rigid cell wall. This structural characteristic imparts resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics and significantly influences the bacterium’s behavior within the human host.Other pathogens responsible for the disease include...
Cystic Fibrosis: Pathogenesis01:23

Cystic Fibrosis: Pathogenesis

Cystic fibrosis (CF), an autosomal recessive disorder, significantly affects the function of exocrine glands. This genetically inherited disease is characterized by the production of thick and sticky mucus, which can severely affect various organs and systems in the body.
CF is primarily caused by a genetic mutation in a chromosome 7 gene coding for the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein. The most common gene mutation leading to CF is the ΔF508 mutation, but...

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Transuterine Fetal Tracheal Occlusion Model in Mice
06:31

Transuterine Fetal Tracheal Occlusion Model in Mice

Published on: February 5, 2021

Obstructive fibrinous tracheal pseudomembrane.

Brenda L Rice1, Daniel A Culver, Jose Fernando Santacruz

  • 1Cleveland Clinic, Respiratory Institute, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA.

The Annals of Thoracic Surgery
|November 26, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Fibrinous tracheal pseudomembranes can cause upper airway obstruction after endotracheal intubation. Prompt diagnosis and removal of these membranes lead to symptom resolution in patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology
  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Otolaryngology

Background:

  • Endotracheal intubation is a common procedure in critical care.
  • Complications can arise from airway management, including tracheal injury.
  • Fibrinous pseudomembranes are a potential, though uncommon, sequela.

Observation:

  • Two patients developed upper airway obstruction post-intubation.
  • Symptoms were secondary to a fibrinous tracheal pseudomembrane.
  • The pseudomembrane formed after short-term endotracheal intubation.

Findings:

  • Early recognition of the pseudomembrane was crucial.
  • Surgical removal of the pseudomembrane led to complete symptom resolution.
  • Characteristic clinical presentation aids diagnosis.

Implications:

  • Highlights a rare but serious complication of endotracheal intubation.
  • Emphasizes the importance of prompt diagnosis and intervention.
  • Informs management strategies for post-intubation airway obstruction.