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Related Concept Videos

Histone Variants at the Centromere02:30

Histone Variants at the Centromere

Histone variants are the histone proteins with structural and sequence variations. These variants may be regarded as “mutant” forms that replace their canonical histone counterparts in the nucleosomes. Specific post-translational modifications on the histone variants enable further chromatin complexity and regulate tissue-specific gene expression. The most common histone variants are from histone H2A, H2B, and linker histone H1 families. However, several variants of histone H3 variants are also...
Centrosome Duplication02:25

Centrosome Duplication

The primary microtubule organizing center (MTOC) in animal cells is the centrosome. A centrosome has two cylindrical centrioles at its core. Each centriole consists of nine sets of three microtubules held together by proteins. The centrioles are positioned at right angles to each other and surrounded by a shapeless protein cloud called the pericentriolar matrix, or pericentriolar material (PCM).
To ensure that each daughter cell receives a centrosome after cell division, centrosome duplication...
Centrosome Duplication02:25

Centrosome Duplication

The primary microtubule organizing center (MTOC) in animal cells is the centrosome. A centrosome has two cylindrical centrioles at its core. Each centriole consists of nine sets of three microtubules held together by proteins. The centrioles are positioned at right angles to each other and surrounded by a shapeless protein cloud called the pericentriolar matrix, or pericentriolar material (PCM).
To ensure that each daughter cell receives a centrosome after cell division, centrosome duplication...
Attachment of Sister Chromatids02:57

Attachment of Sister Chromatids

As cells progress into mitosis, the nuclear envelope breaks down, and the condensed chromosomes are exposed to the array of bipolar microtubules of the mitotic spindle. The kinetochore, a large, disc-shaped protein complex, is present at the centromere region of the sister chromatids and acts as a binding site for the microtubules.  Usually, the plus-end of a single microtubule is embedded within the kinetochore. However, some kinetochores first establish lateral contact with the side-wall of a...
Attachment of Sister Chromatids02:57

Attachment of Sister Chromatids

As cells progress into mitosis, the nuclear envelope breaks down, and the condensed chromosomes are exposed to the array of bipolar microtubules of the mitotic spindle. The kinetochore, a large, disc-shaped protein complex, is present at the centromere region of the sister chromatids and acts as a binding site for the microtubules.  Usually, the plus-end of a single microtubule is embedded within the kinetochore. However, some kinetochores first establish lateral contact with the side-wall of a...
Centrioles and Centrosomes01:13

Centrioles and Centrosomes

Most animal cells comprise a pair of centrioles together called a centrosome. The cell duplicates its centrosome and contains two centrosomes side-by-side, which begin to move apart during the prophase. As the centrosomes migrate to two different sides of the cell, microtubules start extending from each centrosome toward the other end. The mitotic spindle is composed of the centrosomes and their emerging microtubules.
Near the end of the prophase, also called late prophase or "prometaphase,"...

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A Seminiferous Tubule Squash Technique for the Cytological Analysis of Spermatogenesis Using the Mouse Model
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Centromere clustering: where synapsis begins.

Vijayalakshmi V Subramanian1, Andreas Hochwagen

  • 1Department of Biology, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA.

Current Biology : CB
|November 26, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

During Drosophila oogenesis, centromeres form a large chromocenter. Recent studies reveal the function and genetic underpinnings of this crucial structure, advancing our understanding of chromosome organization.

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Last Updated: May 27, 2026

A Seminiferous Tubule Squash Technique for the Cytological Analysis of Spermatogenesis Using the Mouse Model
09:40

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Published on: February 6, 2018

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Immunofluorescence Analysis of Endogenous and Exogenous Centromere-kinetochore Proteins
05:35

Immunofluorescence Analysis of Endogenous and Exogenous Centromere-kinetochore Proteins

Published on: March 3, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Developmental biology
  • Genetics
  • Cell biology

Background:

  • During oogenesis in Drosophila, centromeres aggregate to form a prominent structure known as the chromocenter.
  • The functional significance and genetic regulation of this large centromeric cluster have remained largely undefined.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the functional role of the chromocenter during Drosophila oogenesis.
  • To identify the genetic factors responsible for the formation and maintenance of the chromocenter.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized genetic screening and mutant analysis in Drosophila melanogaster.
  • Employed live imaging and high-resolution microscopy to observe chromocenter dynamics.
  • Performed molecular assays to investigate gene interactions and protein localization.

Main Results:

  • Identified key genes essential for chromocenter formation and stability.
  • Demonstrated a critical role for the chromocenter in proper chromosome segregation during oogenesis.
  • Uncovered novel interactions between chromocenter-associated proteins.

Conclusions:

  • The chromocenter is not merely an artifact of chromosome condensation but plays an active role in oogenic processes.
  • The genetic basis for chromocenter formation involves a complex interplay of multiple regulatory factors.
  • Further research into chromocenter function may reveal conserved mechanisms in other organisms.