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Related Concept Videos

Production Efficiency01:01

Production Efficiency

Net production efficiency (NPE) is the efficiency at which organisms assimilate energy into biomass for the next trophic level. Due to low metabolic rates and less energy spent on thermoregulatory processes, the NPE of ectotherms (cold-blooded animals) is 10 times higher than endotherms (warm-blooded animals).
Trophic Efficiency00:46

Trophic Efficiency

Trophic level transfer efficiency (TLTE) is a measure of the total energy transfer from one trophic level to the next. Due to extensive energy loss as metabolic heat, an average of only 10% of the original energy obtained is passed on to the next level. This pattern of energy loss severely limits the possible number of trophic levels in a food chain.
Mechanical Efficiency of Real Machines01:14

Mechanical Efficiency of Real Machines

The mechanical efficiency of a machine is a fundamental concept that describes how effectively a machine can convert input work into output work. According to this concept, the efficiency of a machine is equal to the ratio of the output work to the input work. An ideal machine, meaning a machine that has no energy losses, has an efficiency of one. This implies that the input work and the output work are equal.
However, in reality, no machine can be truly ideal, and all of them experience some...
Plant Breeding and Biotechnology01:59

Plant Breeding and Biotechnology

Crop cultivation has a long history in human civilization, with records showing the cultivation of cereal plants beginning at around 8000 BC. This early plant breeding was developed primarily to provide a steady supply of food.
Bacterial Transformation01:33

Bacterial Transformation

In 1928, bacteriologist Frederick Griffith worked on a vaccine for pneumonia, which is caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria. Griffith studied two pneumonia strains in mice: one pathogenic and one non-pathogenic. Only the pathogenic strain killed host mice.
Griffith made an unexpected discovery when he killed the pathogenic strain and mixed its remains with the live, non-pathogenic strain. Not only did the mixture kill host mice, but it also contained living pathogenic bacteria that...
Heat Engines01:10

Heat Engines

A heat engine is a device used to extract heat from a source and then convert it into mechanical work used for various applications. For example, a steam engine on an old-style train can produce the work needed for driving the train.
Whenever we consider heat engines (and associated devices such as refrigerators and heat pumps), we do not use the standard sign convention for heat and work. For convenience, we assume that the symbols Qh, Qc, and W represent only the amounts of heat transferred...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 27, 2026

Procedure for the Transfer of Polymer Films Onto Porous Substrates with Minimized Defects
05:02

Procedure for the Transfer of Polymer Films Onto Porous Substrates with Minimized Defects

Published on: June 22, 2019

Engineering efficient technology transfer.

Kenneth Lutchen1, Jennifer Ayers, Sean Gallagher

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA.

Science Translational Medicine
|November 26, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Academic and industry leaders are developing strategies for the effective translation of biomedical engineering innovations originating from universities. This collaboration aims to accelerate the movement of research from academia to the marketplace.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 27, 2026

Procedure for the Transfer of Polymer Films Onto Porous Substrates with Minimized Defects
05:02

Procedure for the Transfer of Polymer Films Onto Porous Substrates with Minimized Defects

Published on: June 22, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Technology Transfer
  • Innovation Management

Background:

  • University-based biomedical engineering research generates significant innovation with potential for societal impact.
  • Translating these innovations into marketable products faces numerous challenges, including funding, regulatory hurdles, and industry adoption.
  • Bridging the gap between academic research and industry application is crucial for realizing the full potential of biomedical advancements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and analyze strategies for efficient translation of university-driven biomedical engineering innovations.
  • To foster collaboration between academic institutions and industry partners for accelerated technology transfer.
  • To address key barriers hindering the commercialization of biomedical engineering research.

Main Methods:

  • Convened academic and industry leaders for strategic planning sessions.
  • Conducted workshops focusing on intellectual property, market analysis, and regulatory pathways.
  • Facilitated discussions on funding models and partnership development.
  • Analyzed case studies of successful and unsuccessful technology transfer in biomedical engineering.

Main Results:

  • Identified critical success factors for technology translation, including early industry engagement and robust intellectual property protection.
  • Developed a framework for collaborative innovation ecosystems between universities and industry.
  • Highlighted the need for specialized translational training for researchers.
  • Outlined key performance indicators for evaluating the efficiency of the translation process.

Conclusions:

  • Strategic alignment between academia and industry is essential for efficient biomedical engineering innovation translation.
  • Proactive engagement with industry partners and a clear understanding of market needs can significantly de-risk the translation process.
  • Investment in translational infrastructure and expertise within universities is crucial for maximizing the impact of biomedical research.