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Updated: May 27, 2026

An In Vitro Bladder Model of Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection

An In Vitro Bladder Model of Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection

Published on: June 24, 2025

Urinary catheterization in acute stroke: clinical realities. A mixed methods study.

Eileen Cowey¹, Lorraine N Smith, Jo Booth

¹Nursing and Health Care School, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK. eileen.cowey@glasgow.ac.uk

Clinical Rehabilitation

|November 26, 2011

Summary

Indwelling urinary catheter decisions in stroke patients lack clear policy and standardized tools. Practices vary widely, with continence often overlooked in acute care settings.

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Last Updated: May 27, 2026

An In Vitro Bladder Model of Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection

An In Vitro Bladder Model of Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection

Published on: June 24, 2025

Area of Science:

Neurology
Urology
Healthcare Management

Background:

Indwelling urinary catheter insertion in acute stroke patients is common but influenced by various factors.
Current practices lack standardization, leading to inconsistent care and potential complications.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the factors influencing the decision-making process for indwelling urinary catheter insertion in acute stroke patients.
To identify gaps in current policies and practices regarding urinary catheterization in stroke care.

Main Methods:

Prospective casenote review of 70 acute stroke admissions.
Semi-structured interviews with 50 healthcare professionals (doctors, nurses, physiotherapists).
Investigation of corporate catheterization policies across three teaching hospitals.

Main Results:

Catheterization was performed for monitoring, retention relief, and continence issues, particularly in older patients.
Continence and catheterization were often deprioritized compared to other acute stroke care aspects.
Significant variability in continence assessment and catheterization practices, lack of standardized tools, poor documentation, and limited patient/family involvement were observed.

Conclusions:

A clear corporate policy for urinary catheterization is essential to guide practice.
Standardized continence assessment tools are recommended to establish and monitor care standards.
Improved documentation of urinary catheterization procedures and decisions is necessary.