Emerging treatments for choroidal metastases

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology and Oncology

Background:

• Choroidal metastasis, first described over a century ago, is now the most common intraocular malignancy.
• Historically rare, case reports numbered only 230 over six decades.

Observation:

• Ocular metastasis prevalence has risen.
• Advances in systemic metastatic disease treatment lead to longer patient survival.

Findings:

• Choroidal metastases represent a growing clinical challenge for oncologists and ophthalmologists.
• Emerging systemic and local therapies are reviewed.
• Targeted therapies for common primary cancers (lung, breast, colon) are examined for efficacy.

Implications:

• Increased patient survival necessitates a deeper understanding of choroidal metastasis management.
• Identifying optimal treatment strategies is crucial for improving patient outcomes.
• This review provides a foundation for future research in targeted treatment approaches.