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Adherence to isoniazid preventive therapy in children exposed to tuberculosis: a prospective study from Guinea-Bissau

V F Gomes1, C Wejse, I Oliveira

  • 1Bandim Health Project, Indepth Network, Bissau, Guinea-Bissau. victorfranciscogomes@yahoo.co.uk

The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease : the Official Journal of the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
|November 29, 2011
PubMed

Insights

Adherence to isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) in children exposed to tuberculosis (TB) was assessed. Over half of children completed 6 months of IPT with high adherence, indicating better outcomes than previously reported in TB-endemic regions.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Tuberculosis Control

Background:

  • Childhood tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health challenge, particularly in endemic areas.
  • Isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) is crucial for preventing TB progression in exposed children.
  • Assessing adherence to IPT in pediatric populations is vital for effective TB control strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate adherence and completion rates of isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) among children exposed to adult pulmonary tuberculosis (TB).
  • To identify factors influencing IPT adherence and treatment outcomes in a high-burden setting.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of children exposed to adult pulmonary TB cases in Bissau, Guinea-Bissau, were enrolled in a 9-month IPT study.
  • Eligibility criteria included age (≤ 5 or 5-15 years) and a positive tuberculin skin test (≥ 10 mm induration).
  • Adherence, completion rates, and side effects were monitored, with the primary outcome being ≥ 80% adherence for 6 consecutive months.

Main Results:

  • Out of 2631 identified contacts, 820 children were enrolled in the IPT study.
  • Overall, 79% of prescribed doses were taken, and 65% of children achieved > 80% adherence.
  • 51% of children completed more than 6 consecutive months of IPT.

Conclusions:

  • Adherence to IPT in this cohort was higher than previously reported in TB-endemic areas.
  • A significant proportion of children (76%) completed at least 6 months of IPT with over 80% adherence.
  • These findings support the feasibility and effectiveness of IPT programs for child TB contacts in resource-limited settings.
Abstract

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