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Updated: May 27, 2026

Primed Mycobacterial Uveitis (PMU) as a Model for Post-Infectious Uveitis

Primed Mycobacterial Uveitis (PMU) as a Model for Post-Infectious Uveitis

Published on: December 17, 2021

Neuromyelitis optica and pulmonary tuberculosis: a case-control study.

V Zatjirua¹, J Butler, J Carr

¹Division of Neurology, Tygerberg Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.

The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease : the Official Journal of the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease

|November 29, 2011

Summary

Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is linked to pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). Patients with NMO were more likely to have active TB, suggesting an immune-mediated response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 27, 2026

Primed Mycobacterial Uveitis (PMU) as a Model for Post-Infectious Uveitis

Primed Mycobacterial Uveitis (PMU) as a Model for Post-Infectious Uveitis

Published on: December 17, 2021

Area of Science:

Neuroimmunology
Infectious Diseases
Demyelinating Diseases

Background:

Neuromyelitis optica (NMO), or Devic's disease, is a rare inflammatory condition causing demyelination in the spinal cord and optic nerves.
While often isolated, NMO has been anecdotally linked to active pulmonary tuberculosis (TB).

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate a potential association between Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) and pulmonary tuberculosis (TB).

Main Methods:

A retrospective case-control study design was employed.
Adult patients diagnosed with NMO between 1995 and 2011 were included.
Controls comprised patients diagnosed with Guillain-Barré syndrome.

Main Results:

Eleven of fourteen NMO patients (79%) had a preceding or simultaneous diagnosis of pulmonary TB (PTB), with TB diagnosed a median of 4 weeks prior to NMO onset.
Only two control patients had PTB.
The odds ratio for active PTB in the NMO group versus controls was 4.6 (95% CI 1.71-15.49).

Conclusions:

A significant association exists between Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) and pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) in this population.
The findings suggest an immune-mediated mechanism where Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection triggers inflammatory demyelination in NMO.