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Related Concept Videos

Nociception01:44

Nociception

Nociception—the ability to feel pain—is essential for an organism’s survival and overall well-being. Noxious stimuli such as piercing pain from a sharp object, heat from an open flame, or contact with corrosive chemicals are first detected by sensory receptors, called nociceptors, located on nerve endings. Nociceptors express ion channels that convert noxious stimuli into electrical signals. When these signals reach the brain via sensory neurons, they are perceived as pain. Thus, pain helps the...
Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection01:26

Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection

The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin create...
Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response01:27

Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response

Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
Special Features of Adaptive Immunity01:20

Special Features of Adaptive Immunity

The adaptive immune system, a crucial component of the overall immune response, offers a highly specialized defense against pathogens. It involves specific cell types and features, enabling it to combat infections effectively and efficiently.
The primary cell types involved in adaptive immunity are T cells and B cells. Each type has a unique role in defending the body against pathogens. T cells are responsible for cell-mediated immunity. They identify and eliminate infected cells directly,...
Blood and Nerve Supply to the Bones01:29

Blood and Nerve Supply to the Bones

Bones are dynamic organs that require a rich supply of oxygen and nutrients. Around 5% to 10% of the cardiac output supplies blood to the bones. A typical long bone has three main sources: the nutrient artery, the metaphyseal and epiphyseal arteries, and the periosteal arteries.
Nutrient Artery
The nutrient artery is the main blood vessel that enters the diaphysis via the nutrient foramen. While most long bones have only one nutrient foramen, large bones, such as the femur, may have two. This...
Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

Cell-mediated Immune Responses

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 27, 2026

Increased Recovery Time and Decreased LPS Administration to Study the Vagus Nerve Stimulation Mechanisms in Limited Inflammatory Responses
06:43

Increased Recovery Time and Decreased LPS Administration to Study the Vagus Nerve Stimulation Mechanisms in Limited Inflammatory Responses

Published on: March 29, 2017

Pain and immunity.

Xavier Guillot1, Luca Semerano, Patrice Decker

  • 1Sorbonne Paris Cité, EA 4222, Li2P, université Paris-13, 93000 Bobigny, France. xavier.guillot@yahoo.fr

Joint Bone Spine
|November 29, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Chronic pain arises from nerve sensitization involving neuroimmune interactions. Targeting these interactions offers new therapeutic strategies for neuropathic and inflammatory pain relief.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 27, 2026

Increased Recovery Time and Decreased LPS Administration to Study the Vagus Nerve Stimulation Mechanisms in Limited Inflammatory Responses
06:43

Increased Recovery Time and Decreased LPS Administration to Study the Vagus Nerve Stimulation Mechanisms in Limited Inflammatory Responses

Published on: March 29, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Immunology
  • Pain Research

Background:

  • Chronic neuropathic and inflammatory pain represent significant public health challenges.
  • Nociceptor sensitization involves peripheral and central nervous system mechanisms, including neuroimmune interactions.
  • Neuroimmune interactions between neurons, glial cells (microglia, astrocytes), and immune cells modulate pain and inflammation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the role of neuroimmune interactions in the transition to chronic pain.
  • To identify potential therapeutic targets within the neuroimmune axis for pain management.

Main Methods:

  • The study reviews current understanding of neuroimmune pathways in pain sensitization.
  • It focuses on the sequential activation of glial cells, specifically microglia and astrocytes, in the dorsal horn.
  • Analysis of how these glial responses contribute to neuronal plasticity and chronic pain development.

Main Results:

  • Specific microglial and astrocytic activation profiles in the dorsal horn are critical for neuronal plasticity.
  • These glial responses facilitate the transition from acute to chronic pain states.
  • Neuroimmune interactions can either worsen or alleviate pain and inflammation, aiming for equilibrium.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding neuroimmune system interactions reveals numerous potential therapeutic targets.
  • Therapeutic strategies could involve targeted inhibition or modulation of the neuroimmune response towards anti-inflammatory and analgesic outcomes.
  • This research highlights the potential for novel treatments for chronic pain by manipulating neuroimmune pathways.