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Interventional treatment of venous thromboembolism: a review

Davide Imberti1, Walter Ageno, Roberto Manfredini

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Piacenza Hospital, Italy. d.imberti@ausl.pc.it

Thrombosis Research
|November 29, 2011
PubMed

Insights

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) management involves anticoagulation, but interventional approaches like vena cava filters, catheter-guided thrombolysis, and thrombosuction are crucial for select patients. This review details their efficacy, safety, and clinical indications.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Interventional Cardiology
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Venous thromboembolism (VTE), encompassing deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), is a major cause of morbidity and mortality.
  • Full dose anticoagulation is the established standard therapy for acute and long-term VTE management.
  • Current guidelines recommend anticoagulants (UFH, LMWH, fondaparinux, VKA) or thrombolysis for confirmed VTE.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current literature on interventional VTE treatments.
  • To discuss the efficacy and safety of vena cava filters, catheter-guided thrombolysis, and thrombosuction.
  • To outline appropriate indications for these interventional approaches in clinical practice.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of interventional VTE treatment strategies.
  • Analysis of evidence regarding the efficacy and safety of vena cava filters, catheter-guided thrombolysis, and thrombosuction.
  • Discussion of clinical indications for interventional VTE therapies.

Main Results:

  • Interventional approaches are reserved for specific patient populations.
  • Vena cava filters prevent PE in patients with contraindications or complications from anticoagulation.
  • Catheter-guided thrombolysis and thrombosuction are options for selected VTE cases.

Conclusions:

  • Interventional therapies play a role in VTE management for carefully selected patients.
  • Understanding the efficacy, safety, and indications is vital for appropriate clinical application.
  • Further research may refine the role of interventional strategies in VTE treatment.

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