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Related Concept Videos

Hepatitis01:25

Hepatitis

Hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver most commonly caused by hepatotropic viruses (A–E), though non-infectious causes such as alcohol and drugs also exist.Hepatitis AHepatitis A virus (HAV) is a non-enveloped RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family. It is primarily transmitted via the fecal-oral route, typically through ingestion of contaminated food or water. After ingestion, HAV enters the bloodstream through the oropharynx or intestinal epithelium and reaches the liver. The...
Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction01:28

Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction

Viral hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver caused by infection with hepatotropic viruses, most commonly hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E. Despite variations in structure and transmission, all viruses mentioned infect hepatocytes and provoke immune responses that can hinder liver function. Additionally, some non-hepatotropic viruses can also lead to hepatic inflammation.Hepatitis A VirusHepatitis A virus (HAV) is transmitted through the fecal–oral route, typically by ingestion of food...
Kidney Transplant I: Introduction01:28

Kidney Transplant I: Introduction

A kidney transplant is a surgical approach that involves replacing a non-functioning kidney with a healthy one from a donor. This procedure is often a treatment option for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. The method requires careful recipient selection, including evaluating various medical and psychosocial factors. These criteria vary between transplant centers but generally include assessments of the patient's overall health, adherence to medical recommendations, and lifestyle...
Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Pathophysiologic Assessment and Liver Function Test01:22

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Pathophysiologic Assessment and Liver Function Test

In clinical practice, the direct measurement of hepatic blood flow to evaluate liver function presents significant challenges due to the intricate and specialized nature of the necessary techniques. Consequently, healthcare professionals often rely on empirical estimates derived from thorough patient examinations and liver function tests to gauge liver health. Among the tools at their disposal, the Child–Pugh and MELD scoring systems stand out for their ability to categorize and assess the...
Blood Transfusion01:15

Blood Transfusion

Blood transfusion is a critical medical procedure that saves lives and treats various medical conditions. It involves transferring blood from a donor to a recipient. This process requires a thorough understanding of the ABO blood group system and its associated antigens and antibodies.
Blood Transfusion Overview
A blood transfusion is a medical procedure used to replace blood lost due to injury, surgery, or to treat conditions such as anemia or cancer. During a transfusion, donor blood is...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 27, 2026

A Cell Culture Model for Producing High Titer Hepatitis E Virus Stocks
10:28

A Cell Culture Model for Producing High Titer Hepatitis E Virus Stocks

Published on: June 26, 2020

Transfusion-transmitted hepatitis E: is screening warranted?

M Bajpai1, E Gupta

  • 1Department of Virology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, Sector D1, Vasant Kunj, New Delhi 110 070, India.

Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology
|November 29, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) poses a blood safety risk due to transfusion transmission. Selective screening of blood products for high-risk recipients in endemic areas is recommended due to the lack of definitive HEV treatment.

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Dried Blood Spots - Preparing and Processing for Use in Immunoassays and in Molecular Techniques
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Last Updated: May 27, 2026

A Cell Culture Model for Producing High Titer Hepatitis E Virus Stocks
10:28

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Published on: June 26, 2020

Dried Blood Spots - Preparing and Processing for Use in Immunoassays and in Molecular Techniques
11:28

Dried Blood Spots - Preparing and Processing for Use in Immunoassays and in Molecular Techniques

Published on: March 13, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Transfusion Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Hepatology

Background:

  • Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is an emerging infectious threat to global blood safety.
  • Evidence indicates HEV is transmissible through blood transfusions, raising concerns about transfusion-transmitted infections.
  • The clinical significance and extent of HEV transmission via transfusion are subjects of ongoing investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To delineate the threat of Hepatitis E virus to blood safety.
  • To evaluate the transmissibility of HEV through blood transfusions.
  • To inform recommendations regarding HEV screening in blood products.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent publications on HEV transmissibility.
  • Analysis of HEV transmission risks in transfusion recipients.
  • Assessment of clinical relevance and debate surrounding HEV transfusion transmission.

Main Results:

  • HEV infection typically causes self-limiting illness, but can lead to fulminant hepatic failure in some cases.
  • Pregnant females, patients with pre-existing liver disease, and solid organ transplant recipients face higher risks of morbidity and mortality from HEV.
  • These high-risk groups often require frequent or massive transfusions, increasing their exposure to HEV.

Conclusions:

  • Universal HEV screening lacks sufficient evidence currently.
  • Selective screening of blood products for high-risk recipients in endemic areas is advisable.
  • The absence of definitive treatment for HEV necessitates targeted preventative strategies in transfusion medicine.