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Generation of Induced Regulatory T Cells from Primary Human Naïve and Memory T Cells
Published on: April 16, 2012
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Response to self antigen imprints regulatory memory in tissues
Michael D Rosenblum1, Iris K Gratz, Jonathan S Paw
1Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94115, USA.
Nature
|November 29, 2011
Summary
Regulatory T cells (T(reg) cells) resolve organ-specific autoimmunity by becoming potent suppressors. These cells confer
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Autoimmunity
- T cell regulation
Background:
- Immune homeostasis relies on balancing T cell responses and tissue inhibition.
- Mechanisms of tissue-immune communication for homeostasis are unknown.
- Repeated antigen exposure can attenuate autoimmune responses.
Purpose of the Study:
- To elucidate the mechanisms by which tissues regulate autoimmunity.
- To understand how regulatory T cells (T(reg) cells) respond to self-antigen in tissues.
- To investigate the role of T(reg) cells in resolving organ-specific autoimmunity.
Main Methods:
- Studied T(reg) cell activation, proliferation, and differentiation in response to self-antigen.
- Investigated the resolution of organ-specific autoimmunity in a mouse model.
- Examined the maintenance and priming of T(reg) cells in target tissues.
Main Results:
- Self-antigen expression in peripheral tissues activates and differentiates T(reg) cells into potent suppressors.
- T(reg) cells mediate the resolution of organ-specific autoimmunity in mice.
- Activated T(reg) cells are maintained in tissues, conferring 'regulatory memory' for future autoimmune reactions.
Conclusions:
- T(reg) cells play a critical role in resolving and preventing recurrent organ-specific autoimmunity.
- T(reg) cells establish 'regulatory memory' within tissues, enhancing immune tolerance.
- Findings provide mechanistic insight into tissue regulation of autoimmunity.
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